Guns, Germs and Steel Chapter 1 Review

11,000 B.C

Because the date corresponds to approximately the beginnings of village life.

The three surviving species of great ape: the gorilla, the common chimpanzee, and the pigmy chimpanzee (bonobo).

<p>Africa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modern gorillas, two modern chimps, and humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>upright posture</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>body size and relative brain size</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Australopithecus africanus, Homo habilis, and Homo erectus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.7 million years ago.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2.5 million years ago.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homo erectus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skeletons known as Neanderthals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Had brains slightly larger than our own and evidence of burying their dead.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Our modern skeletons than to Neanderthal skeletons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stone artifacts and prey bones accumulated at southern African sites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They made essentially the same crude stone tools as Neanderthals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>50,000 years ago; The Great Leap Forward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>East African sites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Near East and in southeastern Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is where abundant artifacts are associated with fully modern skeletons of people termed Cro-Magnons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diverse and distinctive shapes, including needles and multi-piece weapons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Allowed them to better hunt dangerous prey and add fish &amp; birds to their diet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Remains of houses and sewn clothing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artworks such as cave paintings, statues, and musical instruments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parallel evolution and multi-regional origins of modern humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>40,000 years ago when the Cro-Magnons arrived in Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It coincides with the first proven major extension of human geographic range.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water was locked up in glaciers, causing sea levels to drop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Required crossing a minimum of eight channels, necessitating watercraft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The use of watercraft and the first mass extermination of large animal species by humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mammals had time to evolve a fear of humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There are no documented bones of extinct animals tied to human activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'They became extinct in every habitat without exception.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the coldest parts of Eurasia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Into Siberia by around 20,000 years ago.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>North America and South America.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is uncertain between 14,000 and 35,000 years ago.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alaska, dated around 12,000 B.C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clovis sites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>After modern humans invaded Europe around 40,000 years ago.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People did not colonize Siberia until 20,000 years later.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A north-south ice-free corridor opened in the Canadian ice sheet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It had a lot of game, supporting population increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both had large mammals that later became extinct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'The Americas' big animals had already survived the ends of 22 previous Ice Ages.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Also unresolved is the question whether Clovis hunters really were the first Americans.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'If there really were pre-Clovis people, why is it still hard to prove that they existed?'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'The weaknesses in pre-Clovis evidence contrast with the strength of the evidence in Europe.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Pre-Clovis humans remained at low population densities or were poorly visible archaeologically.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>North America and South America.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eurasia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Americas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'An observer transported back in time to 11,000 BC could not have predicted which continent societies would develop most quickly.'</p> Signup and view all the answers