Guidance and Counselling in Education

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Questions and Answers

What was the main purpose of forming the National Vocational Guidance Association in 1910?

To coordinate various helping services. (correct)

To create a national educational curriculum.

To establish vocational schools across America.

To provide financial support for educational institutions.

In which year was the name changed to the American Association of Counselling and Development?

1986 (correct)

1952

1915

1992

Which group was initially responsible for the development of guidance services in America?

Private counseling agencies

Educational institutions

Philanthropists (correct)

Government officials

What was one of the contributions of religious organizations to the guidance movement in America?

Providing moral guidance services. Signup and view all the answers

What action did the federal and state governments take regarding guidance services after 1938?

They set up their own guidance centers. Signup and view all the answers

What significant event in 1958 motivated the U.S. government to invest in education?

The launch of the Sputnik satellite by Russia. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a factor contributing to the development of guidance in America?

Cambridge University partnerships. Signup and view all the answers

What was a goal of the psychologists and personnel given the challenge by the government after the 1958 event?

To identify and assist individuals with technological talents. Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary need for guidance and counselling services in schools?

To assist children in understanding themselves. Signup and view all the answers

Who is often referred to as the father of vocational guidance in America?

Frank Parsons Signup and view all the answers

What role does the democratic stance of the constitution play in the need for guidance services?

It emphasizes equal opportunities for all children. Signup and view all the answers

During what period did the need for guidance bureaus emerge in America?

1890 to 1920 Signup and view all the answers

What kind of environment is essential for effective guidance services in schools?

An accepting and threat-free atmosphere. Signup and view all the answers

What was one significant social issue in America that highlighted the need for guidance in the early 1900s?

Technological advancement and social inequality. Signup and view all the answers

How many subjects does a Nigerian school child take according to current educational practices?

Fourteen subjects Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial function of guidance services for children?

To develop their aptitudes based on their interests. Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary goal of the 1958 National Defense Education Act?

To address the educational gap after the launch of Sputnik Signup and view all the answers

Which Act aimed at expanding vocational guidance services in the United States?

The 1964 Manpower Development Act Signup and view all the answers

What was established in Nigeria in 1961 to promote career guidance among schools?

The Ibadan Career Council Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the 1962 survey conducted by the Federal Ministry of Education in Nigeria?

The introduction of guidance services in schools Signup and view all the answers

Which group initiated a career guidance service in St. Theresa College, Ibadan, in 1957?

Reverend Sisters Signup and view all the answers

What type of workers did the colonial educational system in Nigeria primarily produce?

Literate middle level clerical workers Signup and view all the answers

What did the career talks organized by the Reverend Sisters focus on?

Job types, necessary qualifications, and duties Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following Acts was established to incentivize career education?

The 1976 Career Education Incentive Act Signup and view all the answers

What significant change occurred in 1967 regarding the Ibadan Careers Council?

The name was changed to Nigerian Careers Council. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributed to the boost in guidance and counseling between 1970 and 1976?

Return of professionals trained overseas. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary objective of the Universal Primary Education (UPE) scheme launched in 1976?

To increase the number of children in school. Signup and view all the answers

What does the 6-3-3-4 system of education entail?

Six years of primary school, three years of junior secondary, three years of senior secondary, and four years of university. Signup and view all the answers

What was a crucial aspect that the new education system emphasized?

Vocational training and skill development. Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Test Development and Research Office (TEDRO) play in guidance?

Producing aptitude tests for student appraisal and placement. Signup and view all the answers

How did continuous assessment impact the role of counsellors?

It required them to adapt skills for the new educational system. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the counselling association of Nigeria is true?

It was influenced by returnee professionals from overseas. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason for addressing technical illiteracy in Nigeria?

To strengthen the educational and military position Signup and view all the answers

What role do guidance services play in the Nigerian economy?

They develop technical skills to enhance employability. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first president of the Counselling Association of Nigeria (CASSON)?

Olu Makinde Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is NOT associated with CASSON?

Developing arts and culture programs Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the goals of the guidance services established by CASSON?

To improve understanding of guidance among stakeholders Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of education was specified by CASSON in the 1991 booklet?

Counsellors' roles and duties in schools Signup and view all the answers

What was a key motivation for establishing a professional association like CASSON?

To boost the development of guidance services Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic is primarily targeted by the guidance services provided by CASSON?

Young employees entering the workforce Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Need for Guidance and Counselling Services Today

Calls for guidance and counselling in schools have been made at national conferences, emphasizing their importance in helping children understand their situations and plan for the future.
An educational service is essential for providing a supportive environment where children can discuss worries, define educational and career goals, and learn interpersonal skills.
The need for guidance services has grown due to the diverse subjects students study in Nigeria, often exceeding fourteen at primary and junior secondary levels.
Democratic principles advocate for equal opportunities for children, further underscoring the necessity of guidance services in schools.

Historical Development of Guidance and Counselling

America

Between 1890 and 1920, America faced social and economic issues, increasing the demand for guidance services.
Frank Parsons established the first guidance bureau in 1909 to assist young people in job placement, marking the beginning of vocational guidance in America.
The National Vocational Guidance Association was formed in 1910 to co-ordinate guidance efforts and promote services nationwide.
Significant developments in guidance were influenced by:
- Philanthropists and religious organizations providing initial support and moral guidance.
- Government support, leading to the establishment of guidance centers starting in 1938.
- The space race's impact, prompting a $60 million investment in education to develop talents for technological advancement.
- National Educational Acts such as the 1958 National Defense Education Act aimed at expanding guidance services and creating psychological tests to identify individual talents.

Nigeria

The formalization of Nigeria's educational system began a decade after independence, influenced by philanthropists and missionaries, but lacked organized guidance services.
In 1957, St. Theresa College initiated a career guidance service, marking a vital step towards organized guidance in education.
The establishment of the Ibadan Career Council in 1961 fostered collaboration among schools in the Western Region for career talks.
In 1964, following a study on foreign educational systems, the Nigerian government established a child guidance committee and held its first seminar on guidance.
The period between 1970 and 1976 saw a surge in guidance services due to:
- Returnee professionals from overseas training contributing to the establishment of the Counselling Association of Nigeria.
- The launch of the Universal Primary Education scheme, which required organized guidance to assist students in educational placements.
- The implementation of the 6-3-3-4 educational system necessitating vocational training and guidance expertise in schools.
- Continuous assessment practices emphasizing the need for effective counselling and psychometric skills.
- The creation of the Nigerian Aptitude Testing Unit under the West African Examinations Council, producing various aptitude tests for student appraisals.
- The increasing demand for skilled individuals to combat technical illiteracy and fulfill the diverse needs of a changing economy.
The Counselling Association of Nigeria (CASSON) was launched in 1976 to enhance the development of guidance services in Nigeria, promoting:
- Integration of guidance services in national education policy.
- Making guidance a compulsory course in teacher training programs.
- Clearly defined roles for counselors and training opportunities at conferences to enhance their skills.

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Description

This quiz explores the critical need for guidance and counselling services in today's schools. It highlights the importance of assisting students in understanding themselves and planning their futures based on their individual needs and abilities. Engaging in this quiz will deepen your comprehension of the role these services play in educational success.