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Questions and Answers
What technique allows many subscribers to use the same communication medium in GSM systems?
What technique allows many subscribers to use the same communication medium in GSM systems?
Micro Cells utilize high-power BTSs to cover wider areas efficiently.
Micro Cells utilize high-power BTSs to cover wider areas efficiently.
False
What year did the GSM system begin providing services in Europe?
What year did the GSM system begin providing services in Europe?
1991
GSM stands for ___________ for Mobile Communication.
GSM stands for ___________ for Mobile Communication.
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Match the following terms related to GSM with their definitions:
Match the following terms related to GSM with their definitions:
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What type of cellular system does GSM utilize?
What type of cellular system does GSM utilize?
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Uplink and downlink signals for the same user in GSM use the same frequency.
Uplink and downlink signals for the same user in GSM use the same frequency.
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What is the term used for the area served by each group of low-power radios in a GSM system?
What is the term used for the area served by each group of low-power radios in a GSM system?
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GSM employs a technique called Frequency Division ________ (FDD) for uplink and downlink.
GSM employs a technique called Frequency Division ________ (FDD) for uplink and downlink.
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Match the following GSM concepts with their descriptions:
Match the following GSM concepts with their descriptions:
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Study Notes
GSM System Overview
- GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) is based on frequency- and time-division multiplexing.
- Physical channels are defined by a unique carrier frequency and time slot number.
- The system is structured with low-power radios spread across geographical areas called cells.
- Uplink and downlink communications utilize Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).
- Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) allows multiple users to share the same frequency by using time slots.
GSM Development Timeline
- 1989: Standard Protocol for GSM established.
- 1991: GSM services launched in Europe, marking 2G introduction.
- 1992: The term "Global System for Mobile Communication" became official.
- 1994: GSM expanded to provide services globally.
- 1996: Micro cell technology introduced to enhance service area and capacity.
Cell Techniques
- A cell is defined as the radio coverage area served by a set of transceivers connected to antennas.
- Macro Cell: Uses high-power base transceiver stations (BTS) suitable for wide coverage but less frequency efficiency.
- Micro Cell: Introduces low-power BTS, improving coverage, frequency reuse, and network capacity.
Multiple Access Techniques
- Enables multiple subscribers to share the communications medium using three key techniques: FDMA, TDMA, and CDMA.
- GSM employs FDD-TDMA, combining frequency and time division methods.
Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)
- FDMA separates communication by assigning different frequency channels for transmission and reception.
- The entire frequency spectrum is divided into distinct channels, each supporting a subscriber or control info.
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
- TDMA divides communication into time slots, allowing different signals to use the same frequency at different times.
- Signals are transmitted in a specific sequence based on time allocation.
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
- CDMA facilitates communication by utilizing unique code sequences.
- Special coding allows different information streams to be transmitted simultaneously without loss of data clarity.
Frequency Spectrum Allocation
-
GSM 900:
- Uplink: 890-915 MHz, Downlink: 935-960 MHz
- Duplex Separation: 45 MHz, Channel Bandwidth: 200 KHz.
-
DCS 1800:
- Uplink: 1710-1785 MHz, Downlink: 1805-1880 MHz
- Duplex Separation: 95 MHz, Channel Bandwidth: 200 KHz.
-
GSM 450:
- Uplink Frequency: 450.4-457.6 MHz, with specific channel calculations for frequency assignment.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential concepts of GSM systems, including frequency spectrum, frequency reuse, and the structure and protocols integral to GSM. It aims to assess your understanding of the fundamental aspects and terminologies used within GSM technology.
