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Questions and Answers
What requirement was removed to expand voting rights for White males?
What was a significant factor in the emergence of a market economy?
Which technological advancement significantly affected agriculture in the early 1800s?
Which party leaned towards Great Britain and supported a stronger national government?
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What was a main focus of President Andrew Jackson's political efforts?
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Which group was notably excluded from the reforms in rights during this period?
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What important decision regarding slavery was made with respect to new lands?
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What accompanied the development of public school laws during this time?
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What was the primary reason Northern industrialists supported higher tariffs?
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What major change occurred in the electoral process after the tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr in 1800?
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Which policy did Jefferson maintain during his first term to win the trust of the Federalists?
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What was the most significant achievement of Jefferson’s first administration?
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What economic factor primarily influenced Southern opposition to tariffs?
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How did Jefferson's appointment decisions reflect his political strategy during his presidency?
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Which geographic feature was of significant commercial value in the Louisiana Territory?
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What caused Napoleon to lose interest in restoring the French empire in the Americas by 1803?
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Study Notes
Growth and Reform
- The country expanded political participation by dropping property ownership requirement to vote which allowed most white males to vote
- There were more public school laws enacted, changes were made to prisons and asylums to make them more humane
- A religious revival swept the country
Economic Growth
- A market economy emerged and people became more involved in buying and selling goods
- The country benefited from fertile land in the west and advancements in industry and transportation
- Agriculture and manufacturing grew with local, state, and federal governments building roads, canals, and harbors
- New technologies made farming and manufacturing more productive
Political Expansion
- Andrew Jackson solidified the power of the federal government over states
- The U.S promoted foreign trade, particularly cotton exports, but stayed out of European diplomatic affairs and wars
Slavery
- Slavery was still a major societal issue, with the cotton gin and the end of importing enslaved Africans from 1808
- Concerns over slavery focused on whether it should be allowed in newly acquired territories
Building a Navy
- The U.S Navy was built up as a necessary defense measure
The Rise of Political Parties
- The presidential election of 1800 was the first with a clear choice between political parties
- The Federalist Party favored a stronger national government and sided with Britain in European affairs
- The Democratic-Republican Party emphasized states' rights and sided with France
- Both parties supported tariffs to raise revenue for the federal government
The Tariffs Debate
- Northern industrialists wanted higher tariffs to protect businesses from foreign competition
- Southerners relied on cotton export and resisted high tariffs
The 1800 Presidential Election
- Each Electoral College member cast two votes for president
- The winner became president and the runner-up became vice president
- In 1800, Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied. The House of Representatives decided the election with each state getting one vote
The Federalists Fall From Power
- The Federalists lost power in both the executive and legislative branches in the U.S government
Jefferson's Presidency
- Jefferson attempted to win over Federalists by maintaining Hamilton's national bank and debt repayment plan
- He also upheld Washington and Adam's neutrality policies in foreign affairs
- Jefferson reduced the size of the military, eliminated federal jobs, repealed excise taxes, and lowered the national debt
- However, he only appointed members of his own party, Democratic-Republicans, to his cabinet
- Jefferson's first four years in office were relatively peaceful compared to Adams's troubled administration
Louisiana Purchase
- The Louisiana Purchase was the most important achievement of Jefferson’s first term
- It encompassed a large tract of land with the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers
- The port of New Orleans, at the mouth of the Mississippi River, was the most valuable property
Napoleon and the Louisiana Purchase
- Napoleon was trying to restore the French empire in the Americas
- He lost interest in the Americas due to wanting to focus resources on France and the war in Europe
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Description
Explore the significant changes in America during the period of growth and reform. This quiz covers key developments in political participation, economic expansion, and social issues such as slavery. Test your knowledge on pivotal events and figures that shaped the nation.
