Growth and Reform in America

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Questions and Answers

What requirement was removed to expand voting rights for White males?

Tax payment

Age restriction

Property ownership (correct)

Citizenship status

What was a significant factor in the emergence of a market economy?

Dependence on subsistence farming

Growth of foreign markets

Decline in manufacturing activity

Increased reliance on buying and selling goods (correct)

Which technological advancement significantly affected agriculture in the early 1800s?

Reaper

Plow with iron share

Steam engine

Cotton gin (correct)

Which party leaned towards Great Britain and supported a stronger national government?

Federalist Party Signup and view all the answers

What was a main focus of President Andrew Jackson's political efforts?

Strengthening federal government control Signup and view all the answers

Which group was notably excluded from the reforms in rights during this period?

American Indians and African Americans Signup and view all the answers

What important decision regarding slavery was made with respect to new lands?

Debate arose over whether to allow slavery in new territories Signup and view all the answers

What accompanied the development of public school laws during this time?

A growing emphasis on education for all children Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason Northern industrialists supported higher tariffs?

To protect their companies from foreign competition Signup and view all the answers

What major change occurred in the electoral process after the tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr in 1800?

The Constitution was amended to have separate votes for President and Vice President Signup and view all the answers

Which policy did Jefferson maintain during his first term to win the trust of the Federalists?

The continuation of the national bank and debt-repayment plan Signup and view all the answers

What was the most significant achievement of Jefferson’s first administration?

The acquisition of the Louisiana Territory Signup and view all the answers

What economic factor primarily influenced Southern opposition to tariffs?

Reliance on cotton exports Signup and view all the answers

How did Jefferson's appointment decisions reflect his political strategy during his presidency?

He appointed only members of his own party to avoid conflict Signup and view all the answers

Which geographic feature was of significant commercial value in the Louisiana Territory?

The port of New Orleans Signup and view all the answers

What caused Napoleon to lose interest in restoring the French empire in the Americas by 1803?

Financial issues in France Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Growth and Reform

The country expanded political participation by dropping property ownership requirement to vote which allowed most white males to vote
There were more public school laws enacted, changes were made to prisons and asylums to make them more humane
A religious revival swept the country

Economic Growth

A market economy emerged and people became more involved in buying and selling goods
The country benefited from fertile land in the west and advancements in industry and transportation
Agriculture and manufacturing grew with local, state, and federal governments building roads, canals, and harbors
New technologies made farming and manufacturing more productive

Political Expansion

Andrew Jackson solidified the power of the federal government over states
The U.S promoted foreign trade, particularly cotton exports, but stayed out of European diplomatic affairs and wars

Slavery

Slavery was still a major societal issue, with the cotton gin and the end of importing enslaved Africans from 1808
Concerns over slavery focused on whether it should be allowed in newly acquired territories

Building a Navy

The U.S Navy was built up as a necessary defense measure

The Rise of Political Parties

The presidential election of 1800 was the first with a clear choice between political parties
The Federalist Party favored a stronger national government and sided with Britain in European affairs
The Democratic-Republican Party emphasized states' rights and sided with France
Both parties supported tariffs to raise revenue for the federal government

The Tariffs Debate

Northern industrialists wanted higher tariffs to protect businesses from foreign competition
Southerners relied on cotton export and resisted high tariffs

The 1800 Presidential Election

Each Electoral College member cast two votes for president
The winner became president and the runner-up became vice president
In 1800, Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied. The House of Representatives decided the election with each state getting one vote

The Federalists Fall From Power

The Federalists lost power in both the executive and legislative branches in the U.S government

Jefferson's Presidency

Jefferson attempted to win over Federalists by maintaining Hamilton's national bank and debt repayment plan
He also upheld Washington and Adam's neutrality policies in foreign affairs
Jefferson reduced the size of the military, eliminated federal jobs, repealed excise taxes, and lowered the national debt
However, he only appointed members of his own party, Democratic-Republicans, to his cabinet
Jefferson's first four years in office were relatively peaceful compared to Adams's troubled administration

Louisiana Purchase

The Louisiana Purchase was the most important achievement of Jefferson’s first term
It encompassed a large tract of land with the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers
The port of New Orleans, at the mouth of the Mississippi River, was the most valuable property

Napoleon and the Louisiana Purchase

Napoleon was trying to restore the French empire in the Americas
He lost interest in the Americas due to wanting to focus resources on France and the war in Europe

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Description

Explore the significant changes in America during the period of growth and reform. This quiz covers key developments in political participation, economic expansion, and social issues such as slavery. Test your knowledge on pivotal events and figures that shaped the nation.