Group Discussions: Disadvantages

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Questions and Answers

What does test-retest reliability primarily measure?

The consistency of different test markers

The stability of test scores over time (correct)

The accuracy of test answers

The variety of tests applicable to a subject

How is internal consistency assessed?

Through time-based assessments

With the split-half method of a test (correct)

By correlating scores from different test environments

Using a multiple-choice format only

Which of the following is a characteristic that could affect test-retest reliability?

The number of questions on the test

Changes in a person's mood (correct)

The length of the test

The complexity of the test

What interpretation is indicated by a positive correlation coefficient of 0.6?

There is a relatively strong relationship between the scores Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a form of reliability mentioned?

Meta-analysis reliability Signup and view all the answers

Why must caution be exercised when using test-retest reliability?

Instruments are never entirely consistent Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of time in test-retest reliability?

The time interval should be short Signup and view all the answers

What is internal consistency also known as?

Split-half method Signup and view all the answers

What is a major disadvantage of focus group discussions?

They can introduce bias through dominant personalities. Signup and view all the answers

What is one key characteristic of a clinical interview?

It emphasizes open-ended questions about the patient. Signup and view all the answers

Which advantage is associated with phone interviews?

They can gather information quickly. Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of clinical interviews?

They cannot infer cause and effect. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of clinical interview?

Focus group interview. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common challenge when conducting focus groups?

Recording can be difficult due to multiple speakers. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the nature of phone interviews?

They often use standardized, closed-ended questions. Signup and view all the answers

One disadvantage of focus groups compared to individual interviews is that:

They may lead to decreased validity of collected data. Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of structured interviews?

They offer replication across multiple samples. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a limitation of structured interviews?

They restrict responses to predetermined options. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of focus group interviews?

They foster dynamic discussions and participant interactions. Signup and view all the answers

Why might respondents feel more comfortable in focus group interviews?

They benefit from peer interactions. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of structured interviews can lead to a better understanding of the research problem?

Accurate research questions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible drawback when conducting structured interviews?

They require consistent adherence to pre-established questions. Signup and view all the answers

How does a focus group interview enhance data gathering?

Informants can build on each other’s answers. Signup and view all the answers

What can researchers clarify during focus group discussions?

Conflicts among differing opinions. Signup and view all the answers

What does internal reliability assess in a test?

Consistency across items within a single instrument Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used to improve the reliability of a test?

Removing items with low correlation coefficients Signup and view all the answers

What is a common rule of thumb for Cronbach’s alpha scores?

0.70 and above is good, 0.80 and above is better, 0.90 and above is best Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding internal consistency?

Items measuring the same characteristic should have a high correlation Signup and view all the answers

When is Cronbach’s alpha typically utilized?

To establish whether multiple items measure the same construct Signup and view all the answers

What type of test can be split for measuring internal reliability?

Tests split into first half and second half, or odd and even numbers Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a traditional tool for measuring internal consistency?

Cronbach’s alpha Signup and view all the answers

What outcome would suggest that a test lacks internal reliability?

Discrepancies between the results of the two halves of the test Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main criteria for good measurements in research?

Validity and Reliability Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to choose a representative sample in research?

To ensure results can be extrapolated to the target population Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge researchers face when selecting their target group?

Finding a way to include all members of the population Signup and view all the answers

What does a higher validity in research measurements indicate?

The measurement accurately reflects the concept being tested Signup and view all the answers

How does a representative sample affect research findings?

It ensures the findings can be generalized to the broader population Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines reliability in research?

The ability of a measure to produce consistent results Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the purpose of using statistical estimates in research?

To draw conclusions about population parameters from a sample Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is critical when designing a study to ensure its findings are applicable?

The representativeness of the selected sample Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Interview Procedures

Structured interviews standardize the process, making it easier to conduct and replicate across samples.
A fixed interview structure improves information quality and enables comprehensive analysis of research problems.
Reliable results are generated quickly due to the consistent format of structured interviews; respondent-researcher relationships remain informal.
Limitations include a restricted assessment scope and a potential lack of detailed responses as participants choose from pre-defined options.
Researchers must adhere to predetermined questions, which may limit engaging conversations.

Focus Group Interviews

Involving 4 to 10 participants facilitates diverse viewpoints on research topics.
Cost-effective and quick method for gathering valuable data due to group dynamics.
Participants may feel more comfortable sharing ideas, leading to richer discussions and insights.
Group interactions allow for reflection and the clarification of conflicting opinions between participants.
Challenges include difficulty in managing discussions, potential dominance by vocal individuals, and data recording challenges due to simultaneous dialogue.
Analysis can be complex and time-consuming; discussions are not easily replicable.

Clinical Interviews

Function as purpose-driven conversations between clinicians and patients aimed at diagnosis.
Can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured, focusing on open-ended questions centered on the patient.
Types include diagnostic, termination, orientation, selection, intake, and mental status examinations.
Advantages include flexibility, sensitivity, validity, and provision of in-depth information.
Disadvantages consist of replication difficulties, potential interviewer bias, and unable to guarantee honesty from participants.

Phone Interviews

Conducted via telephone, utilizing standardized questionnaires for focused data collection.
Cost-effective and quick; relies on having access to interviewees' phone numbers.
Consistency across findings can be evaluated using various forms of reliability.

Reliability Measures

Test-Retest Reliability: Assesses score stability by administering the same test twice; a high correlation indicates reliable measurement, though mood fluctuations may affect results.
Internal Consistency: Evaluated through the split-half method, comparing scores from different parts of a test. High correlations indicate reliable measurement across test items. Cronbach’s alpha is commonly used to measure this consistency, with values above 0.70 considered acceptable.

Sampling Techniques

Statistical estimates from samples are utilized to infer conclusions about populations, emphasizing the need for representative sampling.
Accurate target group identification is crucial for the applicability of research findings.
A representative sample enhances confidence in extrapolating results to the broader population of interest.

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Description

This quiz explores the disadvantages of group discussions compared to individual interviews. It examines challenges such as controlling the discussion, potential biases introduced by dominating personalities, and difficulties in data recording. Understanding these drawbacks is essential for effective research methodologies.