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Gross and Net Calorific Value

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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between Net Calorific Value (NCV) and Gross Calorific Value (GCV)?

NCV is the net heat produced when a unit quantity of fuel is completely burnt and the products of combustion are allowed to escape, while GCV is the total amount of heat generated when a unit quantity of fuel is completely burnt in oxygen and the products of combustion are cooled down to room temperature.

Why is Net Calorific Value (NCV) also known as Lower Calorific Value (LCV)?

NCV is lower than GCV since the water vapor formed due to the presence of hydrogen in fuel is not condensed and escapes along with hot combustion gases.

Explain why Gross Calorific Value (GCV) is higher than Net Calorific Value (NCV).

GCV is higher than NCV because GCV accounts for the latent heat released when the water vapor formed during combustion is condensed to water as the products of combustion cool down to room temperature.

What happens to the water vapor formed during combustion in the context of Gross Calorific Value (GCV)?

In GCV, the water vapor formed during combustion gets condensed to water and releases latent heat as the products of combustion cool down to room temperature. Signup and view all the answers

Why is Gross Calorific Value (GCV) also referred to as Higher Calorific Value (HCV)?

GCV is called Higher Calorific Value (HCV) because it represents the total heat generated when a unit quantity of fuel is burnt completely in oxygen and the products of combustion are cooled to room temperature. Signup and view all the answers

How is Gross Calorific Value (GCV) typically measured in practice?

GCV is measured experimentally by burning a unit quantity of fuel completely in oxygen and then cooling the products of combustion down to room temperature. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Calorific Values of Fuels

Net Calorific Value (NCV) is also known as Lower Calorific Value (LCV) because it is a measure of the energy available in a fuel, minus the energy required to vaporize the water produced during combustion.
Gross Calorific Value (GCV) is higher than Net Calorific Value (NCV) because it includes the energy released from condensing the water vapor formed during combustion back into liquid water, whereas NCV does not.
During combustion, water vapor is formed, and in the context of Gross Calorific Value (GCV), this water vapor is condensed back into liquid water, releasing additional energy.
Gross Calorific Value (GCV) is also referred to as Higher Calorific Value (HCV) because it takes into account the extra energy released from condensing the water vapor.
In practice, Gross Calorific Value (GCV) is typically measured using a bomb calorimeter, which is a device that directly measures the heat of combustion of a fuel sample.

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Description

Learn about the difference between Gross Calorific Value (GCV) and Net Calorific Value (NCV) in relation to fuel combustion processes. Understand how NCV is calculated and why it is sometimes referred to as Lower Calorific Value (LCV).