Greek Mythology: An Introduction - Chapter 4 Part 3

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Questions and Answers

What is a key difference between theogonic poetry and philosophical cosmogony?

  • The arrangement of statements within a framework of traditional narration
  • The replacement of gods with physical elements or abstract principles (correct)
  • The personification of abstract powers in philosophical cosmogony
  • The use of physical elements in theogonic poetry

What was a consequence of the disappearance of the names of the gods in cosmogonic accounts?

  • The release of accounts from their former bonds and associations with religious worship (correct)
  • The ascription of works to great poets of the past
  • The abandonment of the idea of physical processes underlying cosmic events
  • The adoption of a more traditional, suprapersonal narration style

What did the Milesian philosophers use to set their language apart from that of tradition?

  • Metaphors
  • Appellatives (correct)
  • Allusions
  • Proper nouns

What was a characteristic of the theogonic poets' innovations?

<p>The arrangement of statements within a framework of traditional narration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of philosophical cosmogony?

<p>The assumption that underlying cosmic events are purely physical processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Milesian philosophers create with their new mode of expression?

<p>A new mode of expression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between theogonic poetry and the works of the Milesian philosophers?

<p>The employment of traditional names of the gods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Empedocles' enduring contribution to the history of philosophy?

<p>The identification of the four elements: fire, water, earth, and air (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Empedocles characterize the elements as gods?

<p>To distinguish the elements from the four substances as they are perceptible to the senses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two primal forces according to Empedocles?

<p>Neikos and Philotes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Empedocles' allegorical language?

<p>To make a statement about physical reality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Empedocles describe the elements?

<p>As eternal and indestructible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is produced by the element water according to Empedocles?

<p>Mortal springs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Empedocles speak in the first person throughout his work?

<p>To distinguish himself from Parmenides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which century did the Greeks start questioning the cultural relevance of myth?

<p>8th century (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What facilitated the growth of the Greek world in the 8th century?

<p>Rise of inland trade and travel to the East (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the strongest single impulse behind the trend towards rational argumentation?

<p>Emergence of the polis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where was the earliest piece of evidence for the boulē, the democratic council, found?

<p>Chios (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who wrote the poem 'On Nature' that offered a rational account of physical reality?

<p>Parmenides of Elea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was unique about the poem 'On Nature' by Parmenides of Elea?

<p>It opened with a myth about the goddess Aletheia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the goddess in Parmenides' poem 'On Nature'?

<p>Aletheia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is attributed to Thales?

<p>The statement that all things are full of gods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is implied about the Presocratic philosophers by some nineteenth-century scholars?

<p>That they made a sudden leap from myth to logic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is said to be an overstatement?

<p>That Thales made a sudden leap from myth to logic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mentioned as a similarity between the theories of the Milesian thinkers and Near Eastern myths?

<p>Their strong similarities in content (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is said to be a characteristic of the philosophers' descriptions of physical principles?

<p>They came close to religious language (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the scholars who reacted against the idea of a sudden leap from myth to logic live?

<p>Twentieth century (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is said to be an irrational side of Presocratic thought?

<p>The influence of Near Eastern myths (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of all things according to Near East myths?

<p>Water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did Thales acquire data for his prediction of the solar eclipse?

<p>Mesopotamia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Thales' perspective on water?

<p>A physical element and a cosmic reality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was being developed by Thales?

<p>A model of the world explained on rational grounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Thales considered significant?

<p>He abandoned the mythical mode of expression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the city where Thales lived?

<p>One of the leading commercial cities of the day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Thales trying to explain?

<p>The natural world (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influenced Thales' philosophy?

<p>Near East myths (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Thales predict?

<p>A solar eclipse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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