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Questions and Answers
What does the Greek word 'Nomos' translate to?
What does the Greek word 'Nomos' translate to?
Who is credited with the first written laws in Greece?
Who is credited with the first written laws in Greece?
What aspect of Draco's laws led to the term 'Draconian'?
What aspect of Draco's laws led to the term 'Draconian'?
What was a significant change introduced by Solon's laws in Athens?
What was a significant change introduced by Solon's laws in Athens?
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What was the purpose of the reforms after 410 BCE?
What was the purpose of the reforms after 410 BCE?
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Which element of Athenian law-making allowed for laws to be passed by majority?
Which element of Athenian law-making allowed for laws to be passed by majority?
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What did the lack of distinction between 'nomos' and 'psephisma' signify in the 5th century BCE?
What did the lack of distinction between 'nomos' and 'psephisma' signify in the 5th century BCE?
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What contributed to the complexity of Athenian legal books over time?
What contributed to the complexity of Athenian legal books over time?
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What was the role of the archontes in the early Athenian legal system?
What was the role of the archontes in the early Athenian legal system?
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What was the purpose of Solon's establishment of the trial by the elaia?
What was the purpose of Solon's establishment of the trial by the elaia?
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How many jurors were typically drawn up for a given year in Athens?
How many jurors were typically drawn up for a given year in Athens?
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Which of the following best describes public actions in the Athenian legal system?
Which of the following best describes public actions in the Athenian legal system?
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What distinguishes private actions from public actions in Athenian law?
What distinguishes private actions from public actions in Athenian law?
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During a trial, who spoke first, the prosecutor or the litigant?
During a trial, who spoke first, the prosecutor or the litigant?
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What could happen to someone who abandoned their prosecution in a public action?
What could happen to someone who abandoned their prosecution in a public action?
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What type of case was especially significant in the context of public actions?
What type of case was especially significant in the context of public actions?
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What mechanism was used in Athenian courts to limit the time a litigant could speak?
What mechanism was used in Athenian courts to limit the time a litigant could speak?
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Who were the notable speechwriters mentioned in the content?
Who were the notable speechwriters mentioned in the content?
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What was one of Socrates' charges during his trial?
What was one of Socrates' charges during his trial?
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What unusual method was permitted for obtaining testimony from slaves?
What unusual method was permitted for obtaining testimony from slaves?
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What was Socrates' suggested punishment upon his conviction?
What was Socrates' suggested punishment upon his conviction?
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What aspect of the Athenian judicial system was seen as a critical weakness?
What aspect of the Athenian judicial system was seen as a critical weakness?
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How did the jury cast their votes in Athenian courts?
How did the jury cast their votes in Athenian courts?
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What was the typical strategy for punishment proposals after a trial in Athens?
What was the typical strategy for punishment proposals after a trial in Athens?
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What does the term 'oikos' refer to in ancient Greek society?
What does the term 'oikos' refer to in ancient Greek society?
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Which type of kinship was more prevalent in ancient Greek society?
Which type of kinship was more prevalent in ancient Greek society?
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What was the primary role of the 'kyrios' within the oikos?
What was the primary role of the 'kyrios' within the oikos?
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How did marriage affect women's living situations in Greek society?
How did marriage affect women's living situations in Greek society?
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What was a common source of tension for women between families?
What was a common source of tension for women between families?
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Which of these best describes the typical family structure within the Greek oikos?
Which of these best describes the typical family structure within the Greek oikos?
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What did women's lack of autonomy in ancient Greek society often necessitate?
What did women's lack of autonomy in ancient Greek society often necessitate?
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What does the term 'conjugal family' refer to in the context of Greek marriages?
What does the term 'conjugal family' refer to in the context of Greek marriages?
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What primarily characterized the oikos in ancient Greece?
What primarily characterized the oikos in ancient Greece?
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What was a primary requirement for a man to get a divorce in Athens?
What was a primary requirement for a man to get a divorce in Athens?
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What architectural feature was common in Greek houses during the Classical and Hellenistic periods?
What architectural feature was common in Greek houses during the Classical and Hellenistic periods?
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How did Greek houses typically ensure their inhabitants' privacy?
How did Greek houses typically ensure their inhabitants' privacy?
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What role did the hearth play in Greek households?
What role did the hearth play in Greek households?
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What was the primary function of the andron in a Greek house?
What was the primary function of the andron in a Greek house?
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Which group often lived in the oikos besides the family?
Which group often lived in the oikos besides the family?
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What materials were most commonly found in the construction of second stories in Greek houses?
What materials were most commonly found in the construction of second stories in Greek houses?
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What primary purpose did the andron serve in Greek households?
What primary purpose did the andron serve in Greek households?
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What event triggered Euphiletus' act of killing Eratosthenes?
What event triggered Euphiletus' act of killing Eratosthenes?
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How were women's quarters likely arranged in relation to men's quarters in Greek homes?
How were women's quarters likely arranged in relation to men's quarters in Greek homes?
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What kind of legal justification did Euphiletus claim for killing Eratosthenes?
What kind of legal justification did Euphiletus claim for killing Eratosthenes?
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What aspect of Greek culture did the symposium reflect?
What aspect of Greek culture did the symposium reflect?
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Which best describes the emphasis of textual sources regarding Euphiletus' household?
Which best describes the emphasis of textual sources regarding Euphiletus' household?
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What was a significant consequence of adultery in the context of Euphiletus' society?
What was a significant consequence of adultery in the context of Euphiletus' society?
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What describes the household of Euphiletus as captured in Lysias' speech?
What describes the household of Euphiletus as captured in Lysias' speech?
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Study Notes
Greek Law and Athenian Legal Procedure
- Law and politics are closely linked, impacting societal function.
- Athenians recognized the importance of rules and laws for society.
- Legal systems often include internal conflicts within societies.
- The concept of law, similar to a divine entity, was discussed by Pindar.
Legislation
- Nomos is the Greek word for "law" or "custom."
- Different perspectives exist about the origins of laws.
- Some believe laws originated as unwritten customs, while others believe laws were originally written.
- Written laws emerged in 7th century BCE, later continuing into the 5th century BCE.
- Early Greek laws, attributed to Draco in 621/620 BCE, were severe.
- Solon's laws, coded in the 6th century BCE, were inscribed on public display (stone tablets) and aimed at resolving issues between the wealthy and poor.
Athenian Legal Systems
- Solon's reforms established a trial system (elaia).
- Athenian legal conflicts required a jury system of 6000 jurors selected annually.
- Trials were overseen by magistrates.
- Distinguishing between public and private legal actions was crucial.
- Public actions were of community concern, with severe penalties for failure.
- Private actions dealt with individual disputes.
- Legal cases, like disputes over homicide, were often complex and politically significant.
The Trial of Socrates (399 BCE)
- Socrates was accused of impiety (creating new gods) and corrupting the youth.
- Socrates' defense, documented by Plato, detailed his philosophical mission.
- Socrates' accusers proposed a severe penalty, while Socrates proposed a more lenient alternative.
- The jury sentenced Socrates to death.
Women and the Family in Greek Society
- Ancient Greek society primarily focused on the male perspective.
- Women's lives were often largely unknown.
- The oikos (household) was the fundamental social unit, encompassing the family, property, and other related aspects, often managed by the male head of the family.
- The relationship between the natal (birth) and conjugal (marriage) oikos and women was often complex.
- Patriarchal elements were present in ancient Greek family structures, where the male head of the household (kyrios) held significant power and control.
- Family dynamics were complex, not easily determined from male-authored texts.
Greek Houses
- Greek homes were traditionally structured around a central courtyard.
- The home's construction focused on the interior space.
- The importance of the 'hearth' was highlighted in Greek society, serving as a central for social and religious activities.
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Description
Explore the intricacies of Greek law and the Athenian legal system. Understand how early legislation, such as that of Draco and Solon, shaped the legal framework of Ancient Athens. Delve into the connections between law, politics, and societal order in this fascinating quiz.
