Greek Geography and History

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Who were the first known settlers in the region of Greece?

Minoans

Which sea is located on the east side of Greece?

Aegean Sea

Who turned old Greek stories and myths into two long poems called the Illiad & the Odyssey?

Homer

What does the word 'philosopher' mean?

<p>Lover of wisdom</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is most famous for his fables in the world?

<p>Aesop</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of philosophers argued that something is true only if someone believes it?

<p>Sophists</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was concerned with doing what was right and good, but was condemned to die for not believing in the Greek gods?

<p>Socrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a country made up of independent cities, each with its own government?

<p>City-state</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient Greek philosopher is known for discovering the concept of volume displacement?

<p>Archimedes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the term for the ancient Greek marketplace where farmers sold their produce and shopkeepers sold their wares?

<p>Agora</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which city-state was known for its courage, strength, and loyalty, and often conquered other Greek people outside its own city-state?

<p>Sparta</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who became the king of Macedonia in 359 B.C. and had an army trained to fight as a phalanx?

<p>Philip II</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did the first Olympic games take place in 776 B.C.?

<p>Olympia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the idea that citizens should take an active part in the government of a country?

<p>Democracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the two most important Greek city-states?

<p>Athens and Sparta</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the word 'acropolis' mean?

<p>Upper city</p> Signup and view all the answers

Greece is located on the ______ Peninsula

<p>Balkan</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first settlers that we know of in the region were the ______, who lived on the island of Crete, and the Mycenaeans

<p>Minoans</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 700s B.C., the Greeks added ______ to the Phoenicians’ alphabet

<p>vowels</p> Signup and view all the answers

The blind poet ______, a bard or singing poet turned old Greek stories and myths into two long poems called the Illiad & the Odyssey

<p>Homer</p> Signup and view all the answers

A group of philosophers called the ______ argued that something is true only if someone believes it

<p>Sophists</p> Signup and view all the answers

Another philosopher, ______ passed along an atomic theory, which while not completely accurate, is close to our understanding of atoms today

<p>Democritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ancient Greeks were the first to develop ______, the idea that the citizens of a country should take an active part in the government of the country.

<p>democracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sparta was known for its ______, strength, and loyalty.

<p>courage</p> Signup and view all the answers

The word democracy comes from two Greek words that mean ______ and rule.

<p>people</p> Signup and view all the answers

The two most important Greek city-states were ______ and Athens.

<p>Sparta</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Spartan soldiers often conquered other Greek people outside their own ______.

<p>city-state</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most famous ancient stadium was built in the town of ______.

<p>Olympia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Philip’s army was trained to fight as a ______, a large group of foot soldiers who were armed.

<p>phalanx</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first ______ games took place in 776 B.C. in Olympia.

<p>Olympic</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ was a marketplace where farmers could sell their produce and shopkeepers could sell their wares.

<p>agora</p> Signup and view all the answers

Acropolis means ______ city.

<p>upper</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Early Greece

  • The first known settlers in Greece were the Minoans, who lived on the island of Crete, and the Mycenaeans.
  • Greece is located on the Balkan Peninsula.

Contributions of Ancient Greeks

  • The Greeks added vowels to the Phoenicians' alphabet in the 700s B.C.

Literature

  • The blind poet Homer, a bard or singing poet, turned old Greek stories and myths into two long poems called the Iliad and the Odyssey.

Philosophy

  • A group of philosophers called the Sophists argued that something is true only if someone believes it.
  • Another philosopher, Democritus, passed along an atomic theory close to our understanding of atoms today.

Government and City-States

  • The ancient Greeks developed democracy, the idea that citizens should take an active part in the government of a country.
  • The word democracy comes from two Greek words that mean "people" and "rule".
  • The two most important Greek city-states were Sparta and Athens.
  • Sparta was known for its courage, strength, and loyalty, and often conquered other Greek people outside its own city-state.

Sports and Economy

  • The first Olympic games took place in 776 B.C. in Olympia.
  • The agora was a marketplace where farmers could sell their produce and shopkeepers could sell their wares.

Philosophy and Architecture

  • The ancient Greek philosopher Archimedes is known for discovering the concept of volume displacement.
  • Acropolis means "high city".

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