Gravitation and Newton's Laws Quiz

Gravitational Force/Gravitation

• Gravitation is the force of attraction between any two heavenly bodies.
• Formula: F = (G * m1 * m2) / d²
• Unit: Newton (N)
• Key Factors Affecting Gravitational Force:
  • Product of the masses (m1 and m2)
  • Distance between their centers (d)

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

• States that the force of attraction between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

Gravitational Constant (G)

• G is a proportionality constant, representing the gravitational force between two bodies with mass (m1 = 1 kg, m2 = 1 kg) at a distance of (d = 1 meter).
• Formula: G = (F * d²) / (m1 * m2)
• Unit: Nm²/kg²
• Value: 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg²

Effects of Changes in Mass and Distance on Gravitational Force

• If the mass of one body is tripled and the distance is halved, the gravitational force increases by 12 times.

Explaining the Value of Gravitational Constant

• The value of G (6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg²) indicates that the gravitational force between two unit masses separated by one meter is 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ Newtons.

Force Equal to Gravitational Constant

• The gravitational force between two bodies equals the gravitational constant when two bodies of unit mass (1 kg each) are separated by a distance of 1 meter.