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Questions and Answers
What does 1 Livestock Unit (LU) represent?
What does 1 Livestock Unit (LU) represent?
- One dairy cow (correct)
- One goat
- One adult sheep
- One yearling
How much herbage is associated with one Livestock Unit annually?
How much herbage is associated with one Livestock Unit annually?
- 24 tonnes
- 18 tonnes
- 6 tonnes
- 12 tonnes (correct)
Which clover variety is commonly characterized by its long growth period?
Which clover variety is commonly characterized by its long growth period?
- Red Clover (correct)
- Italian RyeGrass
- Perennial RyeGrass
- White Clover
What is the primary function of the grass plant's roots?
What is the primary function of the grass plant's roots?
Which term refers to the quantity of plant material produced by grass, available for grazing?
Which term refers to the quantity of plant material produced by grass, available for grazing?
What does Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD) measure?
What does Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD) measure?
How does the grass plant benefit from its leaves?
How does the grass plant benefit from its leaves?
What role does inflorescence play in the grass plant's reproductive process?
What role does inflorescence play in the grass plant's reproductive process?
Why is the concept of Dry Matter Intake (DMI) important for understanding animal feeding?
Why is the concept of Dry Matter Intake (DMI) important for understanding animal feeding?
Which factor is considered a measure of how pleasant the grass is to taste?
Which factor is considered a measure of how pleasant the grass is to taste?
What outcome is directly influenced by the digestibility of grass?
What outcome is directly influenced by the digestibility of grass?
Which characteristic best distinguishes Italian RyeGrass from Perennial RyeGrass?
Which characteristic best distinguishes Italian RyeGrass from Perennial RyeGrass?
Which of the following is NOT typically a measurement directly associated with Livestock Units?
Which of the following is NOT typically a measurement directly associated with Livestock Units?
What is the primary role of the grass plant's stem?
What is the primary role of the grass plant's stem?
Which of the following best describes dry matter?
Which of the following best describes dry matter?
What is the significance of digestibility in relation to grass?
What is the significance of digestibility in relation to grass?
How does palatability impact livestock feeding behavior?
How does palatability impact livestock feeding behavior?
What does dry matter intake (DMI) primarily measure in animals?
What does dry matter intake (DMI) primarily measure in animals?
Which part of the grass plant is primarily responsible for photosynthesis?
Which part of the grass plant is primarily responsible for photosynthesis?
Which statement about permanent grassland is most accurate?
Which statement about permanent grassland is most accurate?
In terms of livestock grazing management, which characteristic would require careful consideration when choosing between RyeGrass types?
In terms of livestock grazing management, which characteristic would require careful consideration when choosing between RyeGrass types?
Which statement best describes the relationship between livestock units and herbage availability?
Which statement best describes the relationship between livestock units and herbage availability?
What does Dry Matter (DM) signify in the context of grass and forage?
What does Dry Matter (DM) signify in the context of grass and forage?
Which of the following best describes Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD) in relation to an animal's diet?
Which of the following best describes Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD) in relation to an animal's diet?
Why is palatability an important factor in evaluating grass for livestock?
Why is palatability an important factor in evaluating grass for livestock?
How is productivity in grassland environments measured?
How is productivity in grassland environments measured?
What does Dry Matter Intake (DMI) indicate regarding animal feeding behavior?
What does Dry Matter Intake (DMI) indicate regarding animal feeding behavior?
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Study Notes
Grassland Types
- Rough Mountain/Hill Grazing: Characterized by less accessible grazing areas, typically with diverse vegetation suited for paddocks.
- Permanent Grassland: Maintained over long periods with perennial crops, supporting sustainable livestock rearing.
- Leys: Temporary fields often established for specific grazing or crop rotations.
Grass Characteristics
- Palatability: The taste quality of grass, indicating how desirable it is for livestock.
- Productivity: Reflects the volume of herbage produced, affecting availability for grazing.
- Digestibility: Represents the fraction of food that can be absorbed and utilized by livestock compared to what is ingested.
Nutritional Measures
- Dry Matter (DM): Represents solid content in feed after moisture removal.
- Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD): Percentage of DM that can be digested.
- Dry Matter Intake (DMI): Volume of feed consumed by livestock, not including water.
Grass Plant Anatomy
- Roots: Absorb water/nutrients, anchoring the plant.
- Stem: Supports upright growth, facilitating new tiller development.
- Leaves: Conduct photosynthesis and assist in water management via transpiration.
- Inflorescence: Houses the reproductive structures; wind-pollinated and transforms into seed heads post-fertilization.
Seed Selection
- Perennial Ryegrass: Ideal for long-term pastures, good for livestock due to high productivity.
- Italian Ryegrass: Fast-growing, often used for quick forage but has a shorter lifespan compared to perennial varieties.
- White Clover: Beneficial for nitrogen fixation and improving soil health.
- Red Clover: Excellent for livestock feed, enhances soil nutrients, and supports biodiversity.
Livestock Units (LU)
- Measurement of grazing capacity; 1 LU equals one dairy or suckler cow.
- Calculation for grazing needs: 1 LU requires 12 tonnes of herbage annually.
- Classification of Cattle:
- Dairy/suckler cow = 1.0 LU
- Yearlings = 0.6 LU
Grassland Types
- Rough Mountain/Hill Grazing: Characterized by less accessible grazing areas, typically with diverse vegetation suited for paddocks.
- Permanent Grassland: Maintained over long periods with perennial crops, supporting sustainable livestock rearing.
- Leys: Temporary fields often established for specific grazing or crop rotations.
Grass Characteristics
- Palatability: The taste quality of grass, indicating how desirable it is for livestock.
- Productivity: Reflects the volume of herbage produced, affecting availability for grazing.
- Digestibility: Represents the fraction of food that can be absorbed and utilized by livestock compared to what is ingested.
Nutritional Measures
- Dry Matter (DM): Represents solid content in feed after moisture removal.
- Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD): Percentage of DM that can be digested.
- Dry Matter Intake (DMI): Volume of feed consumed by livestock, not including water.
Grass Plant Anatomy
- Roots: Absorb water/nutrients, anchoring the plant.
- Stem: Supports upright growth, facilitating new tiller development.
- Leaves: Conduct photosynthesis and assist in water management via transpiration.
- Inflorescence: Houses the reproductive structures; wind-pollinated and transforms into seed heads post-fertilization.
Seed Selection
- Perennial Ryegrass: Ideal for long-term pastures, good for livestock due to high productivity.
- Italian Ryegrass: Fast-growing, often used for quick forage but has a shorter lifespan compared to perennial varieties.
- White Clover: Beneficial for nitrogen fixation and improving soil health.
- Red Clover: Excellent for livestock feed, enhances soil nutrients, and supports biodiversity.
Livestock Units (LU)
- Measurement of grazing capacity; 1 LU equals one dairy or suckler cow.
- Calculation for grazing needs: 1 LU requires 12 tonnes of herbage annually.
- Classification of Cattle:
- Dairy/suckler cow = 1.0 LU
- Yearlings = 0.6 LU
Grassland Types
- Rough Mountain/Hill Grazing: Characterized by less accessible grazing areas, typically with diverse vegetation suited for paddocks.
- Permanent Grassland: Maintained over long periods with perennial crops, supporting sustainable livestock rearing.
- Leys: Temporary fields often established for specific grazing or crop rotations.
Grass Characteristics
- Palatability: The taste quality of grass, indicating how desirable it is for livestock.
- Productivity: Reflects the volume of herbage produced, affecting availability for grazing.
- Digestibility: Represents the fraction of food that can be absorbed and utilized by livestock compared to what is ingested.
Nutritional Measures
- Dry Matter (DM): Represents solid content in feed after moisture removal.
- Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD): Percentage of DM that can be digested.
- Dry Matter Intake (DMI): Volume of feed consumed by livestock, not including water.
Grass Plant Anatomy
- Roots: Absorb water/nutrients, anchoring the plant.
- Stem: Supports upright growth, facilitating new tiller development.
- Leaves: Conduct photosynthesis and assist in water management via transpiration.
- Inflorescence: Houses the reproductive structures; wind-pollinated and transforms into seed heads post-fertilization.
Seed Selection
- Perennial Ryegrass: Ideal for long-term pastures, good for livestock due to high productivity.
- Italian Ryegrass: Fast-growing, often used for quick forage but has a shorter lifespan compared to perennial varieties.
- White Clover: Beneficial for nitrogen fixation and improving soil health.
- Red Clover: Excellent for livestock feed, enhances soil nutrients, and supports biodiversity.
Livestock Units (LU)
- Measurement of grazing capacity; 1 LU equals one dairy or suckler cow.
- Calculation for grazing needs: 1 LU requires 12 tonnes of herbage annually.
- Classification of Cattle:
- Dairy/suckler cow = 1.0 LU
- Yearlings = 0.6 LU
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