Grammar: Objects and Complements

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Questions and Answers

What is the plural form of 'mango'?

mangoes (correct)

mangos

mangies

mangois

Which of the following nouns has a special plural form?

goose (correct)

chair

car

rabbit

How do nouns ending in 'o' preceded by a consonant form their plural?

By adding 's' or 'es' (correct)

By changing the ending to 'i'

By doubling the final consonant

Only by adding 'ed'

What is the plural of 'tooth'?

teeth Signup and view all the answers

What is the plural form of 'datum'?

data Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is always plural in form and meaning?

pants Signup and view all the answers

Which noun retains the same form in both singular and plural?

moose Signup and view all the answers

What is the plural of 'child'?

children Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an object complement in a sentence?

It complements a direct object. Signup and view all the answers

How do nouns ending in a sibilant sound form their plural?

By adding es. Signup and view all the answers

What change occurs to nouns ending in y when preceded by a consonant sound to form the plural?

Change y to i and add es. Signup and view all the answers

What is a nominative address in a sentence?

It is used when addressing someone directly. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nouns forms its plural by simply adding s?

Sunday Signup and view all the answers

What is the plural form of 'buzz'?

Buzzes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a subject complement?

To complement a subject. Signup and view all the answers

How do nouns that end in y and are preceded by a vowel form their plural?

By adding s. Signup and view all the answers

What is the plural form of the noun 'matrix'?

matrices Signup and view all the answers

Which noun transforms to 'criteria' in its plural form?

criterion Signup and view all the answers

How is the plural of 'phenomenon' spelled?

phenomena Signup and view all the answers

What is the plural form of 'radius'?

radii Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct plural form of the word 'vortex'?

vortices Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the plural form of 'focus'?

foci Signup and view all the answers

What is the plural form of 'axis'?

axes Signup and view all the answers

What is the plural of 'appendix'?

appendices Signup and view all the answers

What type of noun refers to a specific person, place, or thing?

Proper Noun Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a concrete noun?

River Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an abstract noun?

Value Signup and view all the answers

What category do 'sugar' and 'oil' belong to?

Non-count/Mass Nouns Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a plural noun?

Teeth Signup and view all the answers

What is a compound noun?

A noun formed by joining two or more words Signup and view all the answers

Which option describes a feminine noun?

Ballerina Signup and view all the answers

What function does a subject serve in a sentence?

It is the topic or main focus Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Objects and Complements

Object of Verbal: Functions as an object for gerunds, participles, or infinitives (e.g., "Washing hands frequently is a way of avoiding SARS").
Object Complement: Complements a direct object (e.g., "He considers himself God").
Subject Complement: Complements a subject (e.g., "That deadly disease is SARS").
Nominative Address: Used for direct address (e.g., "God, have mercy on us").
Appositive: Identifies or describes another noun before it (e.g., "The killer disease, SARS, affected the whole world").

Pluralization of Nouns

Adding -s: Regular nouns typically form plurals by adding "s" (e.g., "student" to "students").
Adding -es: Nouns ending in sibilant sounds (s, z, sh, zh, ch, j) form plurals by adding "es" (e.g., "buzz" to "buzzes").
Changing -y to -ies: Nouns ending in "y" preceded by a consonant change to "ies" (e.g., "saleslady" to "salesladies"); if preceded by a vowel, simply add "s" (e.g., "monkey" to "monkeys").
Nouns Ending in -o:
- Preceded by a consonant: add "s" or "es" (e.g., "tomato" to "tomatoes").
- Preceded by a vowel: add "s" (e.g., "radio" to "radios").
Same Form for Singular and Plural: Some nouns remain the same (e.g., "moose" and "equipment").
Special Plural Forms: Certain nouns have unique plural forms (e.g., "child" to "children").

Latin-derived Nouns Pluralization

Change of Ending:
- "-um" to "-a" (e.g., "bacterium" to "bacteria").
- "-us" to "-i" (e.g., "alumnus" to "alumni").
- "-on" to "-a" (e.g., "phenomenon" to "phenomena").
- "-is" to "-es" (e.g., "basis" to "bases").
- "-ix" to "-ices" (e.g., "matrix" to "matrices").
- "ex" to "-ices" (e.g., "index" to "indices").

What is a Noun?

Nouns name persons, places, things, events, or ideas and function in various grammatical roles.

Classification of Nouns

Proper Noun: Specific names (e.g., "Simba", "Marxism").
Common Noun: Generic names (e.g., "river", "lion").
Concrete Noun: Perceptible by senses (e.g., "blackboard").
Abstract Noun: Not perceivable by senses (e.g., "love").
Collective Noun: Refers to a group (e.g., "company").
Non-collective Noun: Single entities (e.g., "bishop").
Count Noun: Countable items (e.g., "book").
Non-count/Mass Noun: Uncountable but measurable (e.g., "sugar").
Singular Noun: One entity (e.g., "diary").
Plural Noun: More than one (e.g., "diaries").
Simple Noun: Single word (e.g., "editor").
Compound Noun: Two or more words (e.g., "bookworm").
Masculine/Feminine Noun: Refers to male/female (e.g., "boy"/"girl").
Neuter Noun: Inanimate objects (e.g., "textbook").

Functions of Nouns

Subject: Main topic of a sentence (e.g., "SARS is a lethal illness").
Direct Object: Receives action of the verb (e.g., "We worship God").
Indirect Object: Receives action indirectly (e.g., "She gave the patient a mask for SARS").
Object of the Preposition: Follows a preposition (e.g., "Economies suffer because of SARS").

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Description

This quiz covers the identification and usage of various grammatical objects and complements, including verbal objects, subject complements, and nominative address. Participants will explore examples to deepen their understanding of these key components in English grammar.