Questions and Answers
What type of molecules are linked by phosphodiester bonds in Teichoic Acids?
Oligosaccharides
What is the function of Teichoic Acids in the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria?
Providing structural support
What is the main component of Teichoic Acids in gram-positive bacteria?
Ribitol
How many ribitol residues are typically found in Teichoic Acids?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the abbreviation for Wall Teichoic Acids?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of dry weight of the cell wall is composed of teichoic acids?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are lipoteichoic acids attached in the bacterial cell?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the chemical composition of lipoteichoic acids?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of the dry weight of the cell is composed of teichoic acids?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of bond links teichoic acids to peptidoglycan?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of teichoic acids in bacteria?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are teichoic acids typically found in bacterial cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the relationship between teichoic acids and lipoteichoic acids?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the outer membrane in gram-negative bacteria?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of Lipid A in lipopolysaccharides?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Gram-Positive Bacteria
- Gram-positive bacteria are characterized by the presence of teichoic acids (WTA) in their cell walls, which are oligosaccharides composed of roughly 30 ribitol residues with phosphodiester links.
- Teichoic acids play a crucial role in binding ions, maintaining membrane integrity, and facilitating adherence.
- They are found in the inner region of the cell wall, specifically in growth zones, and serve as sites for translocation of outer membrane proteins, polysaccharides, LPS, pili, and flagella.
Gram-Negative Bacteria
- Gram-negative bacteria have an outer membrane (OM) composed of phospholipids, proteins (4-5 major and 10-50 minor), and lipopolysaccharides (LPS).
- LPS is responsible for the toxic effects of gram-negative bacteria, including endotoxic shock, which is characterized by fever, hypotension, impaired organ function, and acidosis.
- Lipid A is the primary component of LPS responsible for its toxic effects and is covalently linked to peptidoglycan (PG).
- LPS accounts for 50% of the dry weight of the cell wall and 10% of the dry weight of the entire cell.
- Lipoteichoic acids (LTA), also known as polyglycerol phosphates, are attached to the cytoplasmic membrane.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
