Grade 10 English: Research Technical Terms

• The English study guide is for Grade 10 students.
• It is the Alternative Delivery Mode for Quarter 4, Modules 1, 2 and 3.

Quarter 4 – Module 1: Distinguish Technical Terms Used in Research

• Research is required for making informed decisions in daily life.
• The main purpose of research is to inform action, prove a theory, and develop knowledge
• Research involves a systematic and scientific procedure of data collection, compilation, analysis, interpretation, and implication pertaining to any problem.
• Research methods are a systematic and scientific procedure of data collection, compilation, analysis, interpretation, and implication pertaining to any problem
• Quantitative research describes, infers, and resolves problems using numbers and numerical data.
• Qualitative research relies on words, feelings, emotions, sounds, and non-numerical elements.
• Information is considered qualitativenature if it cannot be analyzed by means of mathematical techniques.
• Research involves collecting data and information, learning, and finding new things through a systematic process of collecting and analyzing information.
• Action research, thesis, dissertation, and case studies are examples of research.
• A concept abstractly describes and names an object, a phenomenon, or an idea
• Examples of concepts are income, age, education level, and number of siblings.
• Theory is an organized body of concepts and principles intended to explain a particular phenomenon
• Examples of theories include the theory of relativity, atomic theory, evolution, and quantum theory.
• Quantitative Method focuses on numbers and objective hard data, proving hypotheses through statistical analysis and the scientific method by using numerical data to get information about the world
• Qualitative Method uses words instead of numbers, focusing on feelings and involving a small number of participants and utilizes interviews, archived information, and observations.
• Variables are any qualities of a person, group, subject, event, condition, or situation that varies or takes on different values.
• Hypothesis is a logical supposition, reasonable guess, and educated conjecture providing a tentative explanation of a phenomenon under investigation.
• Sampling involves selecting participants who are representatives of a larger population to gain an understanding of that population.
• A random sample gives each employee an equal chance of being chosen.
• SMART is a way to remember research paper writing fundamentals.
• Research papers should be Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and consider Time.
• Topics can be narrowed by demographic characteristics, relevant issues, location, timeframe, and causes.

Qualitative vs. Quantitative research

• Quantitative research focuses on testing theories and hypotheses, analyzed through math and statistical analysis and expressed in numbers, graphs, and tables by requiring many respondents.
• Qualitative Research explores ideas and formulates theories or hypotheses, analyzed by summarizing, categorizing, and interpreting it and is expressed in words by requiring few respondents.

Elements of Research Paper

• Title, Author, Abstract, Keywords: Descriptive information that lets readers search for an article.
• Introduction: Provides context, fits into existing research, and poses the research question (Why?).
• Methods: Explains what the author(s) did to answer the research question (How?).
• Results: Presents the answer to the research question, often in tables and figures (What?).
• Discussion/Conclusion: Explains the significance of the project and its relation to existing knowledge (So What?).
• References:Lists the material the author(s) cited in the paper.

Quarter 4 – Module 2: Technical and Operational Definitions

• Words can have complex meanings and can operate differently across contexts.
• Technical Definition refers to the definition of a word as used in a particular field.
• Operational Definition defines something in terms of the process followed in order to determine its properties.
• Technical definitions offer details, while operational definitions offer a general idea.
• Operational definitions involve defining words in a sentence using context clues.
• Technical definitions are found in the dictionary.

Quarter 4 – Module 3: Giving Expanded Definitions of Words

• Expanded definition defines technical terms with a very detailed explanation to make concepts as clear as possible.
• Expanding by Giving an Example uses examples to illustrate the word definition.
• Expanding by Comparing and Contrasting highlights similarities and differences to define a word.
• Expanding by Describing a Process explains the steps involved in defining a word,