Questions and Answers
What are enumerated powers?
What are inherent powers?
Powers of the national government in foreign affairs that do not depend on constitutional grants but arise from the existence of the national government.
Which president suspended habeas corpus during the Civil War?
What was one of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s approaches to presidential power?
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What is one of the powers of the president?
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What precedent did George Washington establish regarding presidential tenure?
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What are the three main areas of the New Deal?
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The 18 enumerated powers include the authority to ___ Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises.
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Inherent powers are expressed in the Constitution.
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What was the effect of the Supreme Court's decision on federal authority in foreign vs domestic issues in 1936?
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Match each president with their notable action regarding presidential powers:
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Study Notes
Presidential Powers Overview
- Enumerated Powers: Powers explicitly stated in the Constitution; for Congress, detailed in Article I, Section 8, including coining money and imposing taxes.
- Inherent Powers: Powers that are not explicitly listed in the Constitution but essential for the government’s existence, especially in foreign affairs.
- Traditions and Precedents: Expansion of presidential powers is influenced by historical figures such as Washington, Lincoln, and FDR.
Historical Figures and Their Powers
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Abraham Lincoln:
- Suspended habeas corpus to suppress dissent during the Civil War.
- Expanded the army's size and ordered a blockade of southern ports.
- Used executive power to close U.S. mail for control.
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Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR):
- Asserted broad executive powers during the New Deal to combat economic depression.
- Took significant actions that involved powers not explicitly granted by the Constitution.
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George Washington:
- Established presidential traditions, including the two-term limit.
- Appointed adversaries to maintain political balance and prevent partisanship.
Functions and Powers of the Presidency
- Executive Powers: Includes running the executive branch, serving as commander-in-chief, making treaties, and appointing officials.
- Presidential Executive Power: Authority derived from the Constitution allows presidents to issue executive orders, which have the force of law.
- Broad Executive Powers: Presidents can make decisions during crises with congressional approval.
The New Deal and Its Impacts
- New Deal (1933-1939): A series of programs initiated by FDR aimed at economic relief, recovery, and reform, marking the growth of state intervention in social and economic areas.
Differences Between Powers
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Inherent vs. Enumerated Powers:
- Inherent powers are assumed necessary functions (e.g., controlling borders), while enumerated powers are clearly defined in the Constitution.
Key Constitutional Provisions
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Article II Powers:
- Vests executive power in the president, detailing appointment powers, treaty negotiation, and military command.
- Provides mechanisms for legislative recommendations and vetoes.
Domestic vs. Foreign Powers
- Supreme Court ruling in 1936 emphasized broader federal authority in foreign affairs compared to domestic issues, highlighting the president's significant role in international relations.
Historical Examples of Power Assumptions
- FDR’s and Truman's actions in potentially crossing constitutional limits demonstrate historical precedents for assumed powers in modern governance.
Additional Resources
- Helpful Website: Provides historical context and information on presidential powers and functions.
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Description
Explore key concepts of the powers held by the federal government through these flashcards. Covering both enumerated and inherent powers, this quiz will enhance your understanding of the constitutional framework governing the national authority. Test your knowledge and deepen your grasp of government powers effectively.
