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Questions and Answers
What happened once a state had acceded to the federation and been approved by the crown?
What happened once a state had acceded to the federation and been approved by the crown?
What was the criticism of the nomination of representatives by Indian princes?
What was the criticism of the nomination of representatives by Indian princes?
What was the limitation of the provincial legislatures?
What was the limitation of the provincial legislatures?
What was the primary objective of the White Paper issued in March 1933?
What was the primary objective of the White Paper issued in March 1933?
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What was the significance of the federal list in the Act of 1933?
What was the significance of the federal list in the Act of 1933?
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What was the purpose of making the upper chambers reactionary bodies?
What was the purpose of making the upper chambers reactionary bodies?
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What was the limitation of Indian control over the army?
What was the limitation of Indian control over the army?
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What was the consequence of a state executing an instrument of accession under the Act of 1933?
What was the consequence of a state executing an instrument of accession under the Act of 1933?
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What was the significance of the diarchy at the centre introduced by the Act of 1933?
What was the significance of the diarchy at the centre introduced by the Act of 1933?
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What was the consequence of Burma's separation from India under the Act of 1933?
What was the consequence of Burma's separation from India under the Act of 1933?
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Study Notes
The Government of India Act 1935
- Issued in March 1933, a comprehensive statute with 321 sections and two schedules
- Established a diarchy at the center and responsible government in provinces
- Provided for autonomous provinces with legislatures that could make laws, introduce a cabinet system, and increase Indian participation in government at the center
Key Features
- Federal system of government with a division of powers between the center and provinces
- Three lists of subjects: federal, provincial, and concurrent
- Federal legislature had exclusive power to make laws on federal list subjects
- Provincial legislatures had exclusive power to make laws on provincial list subjects
- Both federal and provincial legislatures could make laws on concurrent list subjects
Institutions and Autonomy
- Established new institutions: federal court, federal railway authority, reserve bank of India, and Public Service Commissions for the federation and provinces
- Provinces granted autonomy and responsible government
- Governors and governors-general granted extensive powers through safeguards, reservations, and special responsibilities
Separation and Accession
- Burma separated from India
- Provided a method for states to join the federation and outlined the legal consequences of accession
- Ruler of a state could execute an instrument of accession on behalf of themselves, heirs, and successors
Drawbacks and Criticisms
- Indians did not have control over their government or the ability to change or amend their constitution
- Many states did not join the federation due to this limitation
- Indian princes were allowed to nominate representatives, but these nominees were effectively under British control
- Discretionary powers of governors reduced provincial autonomy
- Indians had no control over defense, despite it being a significant portion of the Indian budget
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Description
This quiz is about the Government of India Act 1935, a comprehensive constitution that introduced diarchy at the centre and responsible government in provinces. It granted autonomy to provinces and introduced a cabinet system at the provincial level.
