Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of government in terms of maintaining order?
Establishing rules of law to preserve life and protect property
What does providing public goods entail?
Governments tax citizens to raise money to provide public goods such as education, sanitation, and parks.
What is meant by promoting equality in government?
Using funds to help those in need and level the playing field with laws and policies.
What is liberalism according to John Locke?
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The purpose of government according to John Locke and liberalism is the protection of ___________, _____________, and ______________.
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What are the three foundational values of American government?
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What is political equality?
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What is social equality?
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What is equality of opportunity?
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What is equality of outcome?
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What is political ideology?
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What does totalitarianism advocate?
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What is anarchism?
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What is capitalism?
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What defines socialism?
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What is laissez-faire?
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Study Notes
Purposes of Government
- Maintaining Order: Establishing rules of law to preserve life and protect property.
- Providing Public Goods: Governments fund essential services like education and sanitation, which benefit all and are unlikely to be provided voluntarily by individuals.
- Promoting Equality: Ensuring financial and legal support to assist those in need and create a level playing field through laws and policies.
Key Philosophical Concepts
- Liberalism: John Locke's philosophy advocating for individual freedom and minimal government interference in personal pursuits.
- Life, Liberty, and Property: Fundamental rights that government, according to Locke, is meant to protect.
Core Values in American Government
- Freedom, Order, and Equality: Three foundational values that guide the principles and functioning of American governance.
Types of Equality
- Political Equality: Each person's vote and voice is equally valued in the democratic process.
- Social Equality: Equal standing in terms of wealth, education, and social status among individuals.
- Equality of Opportunity: Providing all individuals with a fair chance to succeed, regardless of background.
- Equality of Outcome: Government-designed policies aimed at redistributing wealth and benefits to achieve equal standings among citizens.
Political Ideologies
- Political Ideology: A coherent set of beliefs regarding the role and scope of government.
- Totalitarianism: A political system where the government possesses unlimited power over all societal aspects, including arts, business, and education.
- Anarchism: Advocates for absolute freedom, rejecting all forms of government.
- Capitalism: An economic system promoting free enterprise with minimal government regulation.
- Socialism: The government controls key industries, regulating private businesses and directing the economy while allowing some level of private ownership.
- Laissez Faire: An economic approach espoused by libertarians advocating no government intervention in the economy.
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Description
Explore key concepts from Chapter 1 on the purposes of government through these flashcards. Learn about maintaining order and providing public goods, essential functions of government that benefit society. Perfect for studying or refreshing your knowledge in civics.
