Government Budget and Legislation Glossary

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Questions and Answers

Which term refers to an annual proposal outlining anticipated Federal revenue and program expenditures for the upcoming fiscal year?

Amendment

Budget deficit

Bureaucracy

Budget (correct)

What is the term used to describe the amount by which total government spending exceeds government income during a specified period?

Bureaucracy

Budget deficit (correct)

Budget surplus

Balanced budget

Which term refers to the ability of the government to exercise power without resorting to violence?

Budget surplus

Constitution

Campaign

Authority (correct)

What does the term 'amendment' refer to in the context of legislation?

A proposal to change a given piece of legislation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an administrative way of organizing large numbers of people to work together, usually relying on specialization, hierarchy, and standard operating procedure?

Bureaucracy Signup and view all the answers

Who presides over the work of a committee and is a member of the majority party?

Chairperson Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'delegate' in the context of the text?

A representative to a party's national convention chosen by local voters to vote for a particular candidate Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'deterrence' as explained in the text?

Threatening to use military force to prevent another state from taking a particular course of action Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'fiscal year' as described in the text?

A twelve-month period used for accounting and budget purposes by the government Signup and view all the answers

What does 'globalization' refer to based on the information provided?

The trend toward the breakdown of state borders and the rise of international and global organizations and governments Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'intervention' as mentioned in the text?

When a state sends military forces to help a country that is already at war Signup and view all the answers

What is 'international law' according to the information provided?

A set of agreements, traditions, and norms built up over time that restricts what states can do Signup and view all the answers

What does 'equality of opportunity' refer to as per the given information?

When all people are given the same chances to compete and achieve so that those with talent will succeed, whereas others will not Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'media' based on the provided information?

[Information and the organizations that distribute that information to the public] Signup and view all the answers

What does 'nominee' mean according to the information provided?

When a political party chooses its official candidate for a particular office Signup and view all the answers

What does 'interest group' refer to as per the given information?

An organization of people who share a common interest and work together to protect and promote that interest by influencing the government Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Federal Budget and Expenditures

An annual proposal outlining anticipated Federal revenue and program expenditures is known as the Federal budget.
The term for the amount by which total government spending exceeds income during a specified period is referred to as the deficit.

Government Authority and Legislation

The government's capacity to exercise power without resorting to violence is termed legitimacy.
An amendment in legislation refers to a formal change or addition proposed to alter the text of a bill.

Organizational Structures

The structure used to organize large numbers of people for effective collaboration, relying on specialization, hierarchy, and standard operating procedures, is known as bureaucracy.

Committee Leadership

The individual who presides over the work of a committee and is a member of the majority party is called the committee chair.

Political Representation and Strategy

In political context, a delegate refers to an individual authorized to represent others, particularly in conventions or elections.
Deterrence is a strategy aimed at preventing an adversary from taking an unwanted action, often through the threat of retaliatory harm.

Financial and Economic Terms

A fiscal year is a one-year period used for financial reporting and budgeting, which may not align with the calendar year.
Globalization refers to the process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence among countries, often in terms of economy, culture, and information.

International Relations and Law

Intervention involves the act of intervening, often by a state in the affairs of another state, typically to influence outcomes for various reasons.
International law encompasses rules and agreements that govern relations between sovereign states and other international actors.

Equality of opportunity is the principle stating that all individuals should have the same chance to attain success and opportunities, regardless of their background.
The term media refers to various means of communication, including print, broadcast, and digital platforms, that disseminate information to the public.

Political Engagement

A nominee is an individual selected or proposed for a position, particularly in political contexts, such as candidates for elections or appointments.
An interest group is an organization comprised of individuals who share common objectives and actively seek to influence policy-making and public opinion.

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Description

Test your knowledge of government budget and legislation terms with this glossary quiz. Learn about important concepts such as 'amendment', 'authority', 'budget', 'balanced budget', and 'budget deficit'.