Gout dan Osteoarthritis Overview

Arthritis Overview

• Arthritis encompasses various conditions, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout.

Gout Arthritis

• Caused by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals.
• Hyperuricemia is a key factor, with levels exceeding 7 mg/dL in men and 6 mg/dL in women.
• Characterized by inflammation, swelling, and pain, often affecting the big toe (podagra).
• MSU crystals have needle-like shapes under microscopy.

Gout Arthritis vs Pseudogout

• Distinguished by the shape of the crystals:
  • Gout: Needle-shaped monosodium urate (MSU) crystals.
  • Pseudogout: Rhomboid-shaped calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals.

Osteoarthritis

• Characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in joints.
• Leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion.
• Symptoms often worsen with activity and improve with rest.
• Morning stiffness typically lasts for less than 30 minutes.
• Common locations include hips, knees, and hands.
• This is visible in advanced stages using x-rays (osteophytes, joint space narrowing, sclerosis).

Rheumatoid Arthritis

• An autoimmune inflammatory disease causing joint inflammation (synovitis).
• Characterized by symmetrical joint involvement, inflammatory symptoms (e.g., swelling, pain, fever), and potential systemic conditions.
• The disease can be chronic and progressive.
• Often associated with morning stiffness lasting >1 hour.

Non-Pharmacological Therapy

• Gout: Dietary changes are crucial. Foods high in purines (organ meats, some seafood) should be avoided, and alcohol consumption should be limited or controlled.
• Osteoarthritis: Educational programs and rehabilitation exercises are recommended to improve joint function, reduce pain levels and/or prevent further complications
• Rheumatoid Arthritis: Educational programs and physical therapy to help manage symptoms and promote joint function are important. Weight management programs are also beneficial.

Grading and Diagnosis

• X-ray images of OA: show characteristic signs like narrowed joint spaces or the presence of bone spurs (osteophytes).
• Gout Arthritis: Diagnosis often involves examining crystal deposits under a microscope.
• Rheumatoid Arthritis: Grading of disease activity could be done using clinical assessments.

Remission Criteria (Rheumatoid Arthritis)

• Include criteria such as reduced morning stiffness, lack of pain and swelling in joints, and normal blood tests.

Kuiz ini membahas tentang berbagai jenis arthritis, termasuk gout dan osteoarthritis. Peserta akan mempelajari ciri-ciri, penyebab, serta perbedaan antara gout dan pseudogout. Setelah mengikuti kuiz ini, Anda akan lebih memahami kondisi-kondisi ini dan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan.