Gossypol Toxicity in Livestock and Poultry
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Questions and Answers

What are the most frequently affected animals by gossypol toxicity?

  • Mature ruminants
  • Poultry
  • Preruminants (correct)
  • Dogs

Which animals are more resistant to gossypol's toxic effects?

  • Pigs
  • Mature ruminants (correct)
  • Dogs
  • Dairy cows

What are the reproductive effects observed in females due to gossypol toxicity?

  • Increased hatchability in chickens
  • Regular cycling and normal pregnancy
  • Irregular cycling and disrupted pregnancy (correct)
  • Increased libido and spermatogenesis

What treatment is recommended for gossypol toxicity?

<p>Removal of the gossypol source from the feed and supportive care (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential effect of excessive gossypol consumption in rams and bulls?

<p>Irregular cycling and pregnancy disruption in females (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential clinical sign of prolonged excess exposure to gossypol in many animals?

<p>Weight loss and anorexia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which animals may cardiomyopathy and sudden death occur due to excessive gossypol exposure?

<p>Young lambs, goats, and calves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential reproductive effect of excessive gossypol consumption in adult dairy cattle?

<p>Reproductive problems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential clinical sign of gossypol toxicosis in pigs?

<p>Violent dyspnea ('thumping') (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential clinical sign of gossypol toxicosis in dogs?

<p>Polydipsia and serum electrolyte imbalances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential effect of acute gossypol exposure in monogastric animals?

<p>Sudden circulatory failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are potential postmortem findings for dogs affected by gossypol toxicosis?

<p>Edematous and congested lungs with pulmonary edema (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can gossypol toxicosis be diagnosed in pigs or young ruminants?

<p>Dietary analysis for free gossypol concentration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate daily intake of free gossypol for adult ruminants to avoid toxic effects?

<p>More than 1,000 ppm free gossypol in the diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approximate daily intake of free gossypol that caused adverse effects on semen quality in young bulls?

<p>1,500 ppm free gossypol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it challenging to diagnose gossypol toxicosis using serologic tests?

<p>Because the responsible feed may not be available for analysis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal by-product of cottonseed oil refining?

<p>Cottonseed soapstock (foots) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is lipid-soluble gossypol absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract?

<p>It binds to amino acids, especially lysine, and to dietary iron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the effects of gossypol on enzymatic reactions?

<p>Impairs the liver's ability to metabolize xenobiotic compounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which animals are reported to be sensitive to gossypol?

<p>Dogs and cats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main route of excretion for gossypol?

<p>Feces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can prolonged exposure to gossypol cause in horses?

<p>Sudden death due to acute heart failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does gossypol have on the liver?

<p>Causes direct damage to hepatocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of gossypol on the cardiac system?

<p>Results in acute heart failure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the metabolic fate of gossypol in animals?

<p>It forms stable complexes with proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does gossypol affect the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood?

<p>It decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential reproductive effect of gossypol toxicity observed in males?

<p>Reduced libido with decreased spermatogenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the pulmonary effects likely caused by gossypol toxicosis?

<p>Labored breathing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the daily equivalent oral dosage of free gossypol that was fed to adult dogs?

<p>Less than 6 mg/kg per day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concentrations of gossypol in the kidneys suggest excess gossypol exposure in sheep?

<p>Free or bound gossypol &gt;10 ppm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the differential diagnoses for toxicoses that may cause similar clinical signs and postmortem lesions to gossypol toxicity?

<p>Mycotoxicoses caused by Fusarium-contaminated grain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the removal recommendation for suspected feed in animals affected by gossypol toxicosis?

<p>Immediate removal of all cottonseed products from the diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the prognosis for complete recovery from gossypol toxicosis in animals with advanced life-threatening lesions?

<p>Unfavorable prognosis for recovery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended as supportive therapy for animals affected by gossypol toxicosis?

<p>Diet supplemented with lysine, methionine, and fat-soluble vitamins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which animals are dietary gossypol concentrations >100 ppm reported to cause clinical signs and tissue residues of dietary gossypol exposure?

<p>Swine and young ruminants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is reported to be effective in preventing clinical signs and tissue residues of dietary gossypol exposure in swine diets?

<p>Added iron up to 400 ppm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in supportive therapy for animals affected by gossypol toxicosis?

<p>High intake of protein, lysine, and methionine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what animal is an oral dosage of free gossypol fed considered toxic?

<p>Adult dogs only (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor upon which recovery from mild to moderate myocardial lesions in animals affected by gossypol toxicosis depends?

<p>Minimizing stress and careful handling of animals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reported dietary limit for gossypol concentrations in cattle to prevent anemia, poor growth, or decreased milk production?

<p>≤1,000 ppm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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