Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most significant laboratory finding expected in this patient with severe diarrhea?
What is the most significant laboratory finding expected in this patient with severe diarrhea?
- Increased serum Na+ concentration (correct)
- Increased serum HCO3- concentration
- Decreased serum K+ concentration
- Decreased serum Ca2+ concentration
Which study is most appropriate to evaluate the cause of the patient's diarrhea?
Which study is most appropriate to evaluate the cause of the patient's diarrhea?
- Stool specimen to identify Cryptosporidium (correct)
- Duodenal biopsy to identify Entamoeba histolytica
- Culture of the oral cavity for Candida albicans
- Colonic biopsy to identify Giardia lamblia
What does the low ratio of helper T lymphocytes to suppressor T lymphocytes indicate in this patient with HIV?
What does the low ratio of helper T lymphocytes to suppressor T lymphocytes indicate in this patient with HIV?
- Induces proliferation of suppressor T lymphocytes
- Infects cells with CD4 receptors (correct)
- Infects macrophages
- Induces proliferation of helper T lymphocytes
Which of the following organisms is most commonly associated with severe watery diarrhea in patients with weakened immune systems?
Which of the following organisms is most commonly associated with severe watery diarrhea in patients with weakened immune systems?
What is a common cause of increased serum sodium concentration in patients experiencing severe dehydration?
What is a common cause of increased serum sodium concentration in patients experiencing severe dehydration?
Which condition is most likely to result in a significant muscle weakness in a patient with diarrhea and dehydration?
Which condition is most likely to result in a significant muscle weakness in a patient with diarrhea and dehydration?
What role do CD4 receptor cells play in the pathophysiology of HIV infection?
What role do CD4 receptor cells play in the pathophysiology of HIV infection?
What factor is most important when considering the laboratory testing approach for a patient with diarrhea related to HIV infection?
What factor is most important when considering the laboratory testing approach for a patient with diarrhea related to HIV infection?
Which finding is most indicative of a diagnosis of autoimmune disease rather than infectious disease?
Which finding is most indicative of a diagnosis of autoimmune disease rather than infectious disease?
A patient is experiencing fatigue and jaundice. Exposure to which toxic agent is most likely causing these symptoms?
A patient is experiencing fatigue and jaundice. Exposure to which toxic agent is most likely causing these symptoms?
Which dietary condition is most likely to occur in a patient following a strict vegan diet?
Which dietary condition is most likely to occur in a patient following a strict vegan diet?
Which of the following is the most likely mechanism of therapeutic effect for statins in patients with hyperlipidemia?
Which of the following is the most likely mechanism of therapeutic effect for statins in patients with hyperlipidemia?
Which of the following lab findings would be most expected in a patient diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Which of the following lab findings would be most expected in a patient diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus?
A patient has clear signs of heart failure. Which of the following abnormal findings is most likely to be present?
A patient has clear signs of heart failure. Which of the following abnormal findings is most likely to be present?
Which of the following findings is most strongly associated with a diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome?
Which of the following findings is most strongly associated with a diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome?
What is the most likely cause of elevated alkaline phosphatase levels in a patient with bone pain?
What is the most likely cause of elevated alkaline phosphatase levels in a patient with bone pain?
A 60-year-old woman presents with symptoms of fatigue and weakness, leading to a suspicion of a metabolic disorder. Which of the following biosynthetic pathways is likely defected if she is deficient in heme production?
A 60-year-old woman presents with symptoms of fatigue and weakness, leading to a suspicion of a metabolic disorder. Which of the following biosynthetic pathways is likely defected if she is deficient in heme production?
A 55-year-old man with hyperthyroidism presents with symptoms of palpitations and weight loss. Which hormone's production might be affected if there is an issue in the thyroxine synthesis pathway?
A 55-year-old man with hyperthyroidism presents with symptoms of palpitations and weight loss. Which hormone's production might be affected if there is an issue in the thyroxine synthesis pathway?
A 70-year-old woman experiences joint pain and skin rashes. If a defect in collagen synthesis is suspected, which dietary compound might be crucial for her recovery?
A 70-year-old woman experiences joint pain and skin rashes. If a defect in collagen synthesis is suspected, which dietary compound might be crucial for her recovery?
A 40-year-old man visits the emergency department with abdominal pain and jaundice. Which condition might be indicated by a disruption in the steroid biosynthesis pathway?
A 40-year-old man visits the emergency department with abdominal pain and jaundice. Which condition might be indicated by a disruption in the steroid biosynthesis pathway?
A 50-year-old woman has difficulty metabolizing fat and experiences fatigue. What type of biosynthetic pathway is likely impaired?
A 50-year-old woman has difficulty metabolizing fat and experiences fatigue. What type of biosynthetic pathway is likely impaired?
A 30-year-old male presents with symptoms of lethargy and hair loss. Which condition might result from a defect in the heme synthesis pathway?
A 30-year-old male presents with symptoms of lethargy and hair loss. Which condition might result from a defect in the heme synthesis pathway?
A 65-year-old man presents with signs of growth retardation and poor muscle development. Which of the following biosynthetic pathways might be disrupted?
A 65-year-old man presents with signs of growth retardation and poor muscle development. Which of the following biosynthetic pathways might be disrupted?
A 48-year-old woman presents with abnormal weight gain and mood changes. If she is on medications affecting corticosteroid production, which biosynthetic pathway needs to be evaluated?
A 48-year-old woman presents with abnormal weight gain and mood changes. If she is on medications affecting corticosteroid production, which biosynthetic pathway needs to be evaluated?
Flashcards
Identifying a drug cause
Identifying a drug cause
Determining the medication most likely responsible for a patient's symptoms or findings.
Diagnosis differentiation
Diagnosis differentiation
Determining the most likely diagnosis by distinguishing it from another potential diagnosis based on additional findings.
Mechanism of disease
Mechanism of disease
Identifying the absence or presence of a specific enzyme or process causing a particular disease in a patient.
Predicting dietary consequences
Predicting dietary consequences
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Drug response prediction
Drug response prediction
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Predicting post-event findings
Predicting post-event findings
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Infectious agent identification
Infectious agent identification
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Cause and effect analysis (disease)
Cause and effect analysis (disease)
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Heme Synthesis Defect
Heme Synthesis Defect
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Collagen Synthesis Defect
Collagen Synthesis Defect
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Thyroxine Synthesis Defect
Thyroxine Synthesis Defect
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Corticosteroid Synthesis Defect
Corticosteroid Synthesis Defect
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Fatty Acid Synthesis Defect
Fatty Acid Synthesis Defect
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Glucose Synthesis Defect
Glucose Synthesis Defect
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Patient Description
Patient Description
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Patient History
Patient History
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Watery diarrhea cause
Watery diarrhea cause
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Low potassium levels
Low potassium levels
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HIV and T cell ratio
HIV and T cell ratio
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HIV's effect on T cells
HIV's effect on T cells
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Cryptosporidium infection
Cryptosporidium infection
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Cueing in PBL
Cueing in PBL
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Hinging in PBL
Hinging in PBL
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Avoiding Cueing in PBL
Avoiding Cueing in PBL
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Study Notes
Book Title and Edition
- Constructing Written Test Questions
- Third Edition
Authors
- Susan M. Case
- David B. Swanson
Publisher and Address
- National Board of Medical Examiners
- 3750 Market Street
- Philadelphia, PA 19104
Copyright Information
- Copyright information includes years, and the National Board of Medical Examiners is the copyright holder.
- Permission is granted for non-commercial, educational, and scientific use, but the copyright and permission notices must appear on all reproductions.
- The document cannot be modified in any way.
Table of Contents
- The book covers various sections regarding constructing written test questions in the basic and clinical sciences, including sections on item formats, item content, technical item flaws, testwiseness, irrelevant difficulty, and more.
- The book contains chapters on different test question formats, including true/false, multiple-choice, and extended-matching items.
- The book includes practical aspects and advice on writing test items.
- The book includes practical templates for creating questions.
- Included are general guidelines on item construction.
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