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Questions and Answers
What percentage of a glycoprotein's weight is typically comprised of oligosaccharides?
What percentage of a glycoprotein's weight is typically comprised of oligosaccharides?
- 5-10%
- 20-25%
- 10-15% (correct)
- 15-20%
Which amino acid is involved in N-Linked glycosylation?
Which amino acid is involved in N-Linked glycosylation?
- Threonine
- Asparagine (correct)
- Serine
- Glutamine
In which organelle does O-Linked glycosylation take place?
In which organelle does O-Linked glycosylation take place?
- Golgi apparatus (correct)
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Mitochondria
What is the role of dolichol phosphate in N-Linked glycosylation?
What is the role of dolichol phosphate in N-Linked glycosylation?
What can result from dysfunction in lysosomal targeting of glycoproteins?
What can result from dysfunction in lysosomal targeting of glycoproteins?
Which of the following structures are glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) primarily known for?
Which of the following structures are glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) primarily known for?
What type of linkages does O-Linked glycosylation involve?
What type of linkages does O-Linked glycosylation involve?
Which of the following best describes the basic structure of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)?
Which of the following best describes the basic structure of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)?
What is the primary function of glycoproteins?
What is the primary function of glycoproteins?
Which amino acid is notably involved in N-Linked glycosylation?
Which amino acid is notably involved in N-Linked glycosylation?
What triggers the endocytosis of glycoproteins into lysosomes?
What triggers the endocytosis of glycoproteins into lysosomes?
What role do lysosomal glycosidases play in glycoprotein degradation?
What role do lysosomal glycosidases play in glycoprotein degradation?
Which of the following is a characteristic of glycosaminoglycans?
Which of the following is a characteristic of glycosaminoglycans?
What is a common function of proteoglycans in connective tissue?
What is a common function of proteoglycans in connective tissue?
What is a consequence of lysosomal hydrolase deficiencies?
What is a consequence of lysosomal hydrolase deficiencies?
In Hurler syndrome, what is primarily accumulated in the body due to the disorder?
In Hurler syndrome, what is primarily accumulated in the body due to the disorder?
Which enzyme deficiency is associated with Inclusion-cell disease (I-cell disease)?
Which enzyme deficiency is associated with Inclusion-cell disease (I-cell disease)?
What is the first sugar removed during glycosaminoglycan degradation?
What is the first sugar removed during glycosaminoglycan degradation?
Which characteristic describes Hyaluronan, a type of glycosaminoglycan?
Which characteristic describes Hyaluronan, a type of glycosaminoglycan?
What effect do lysosomal storage diseases have on the nervous system?
What effect do lysosomal storage diseases have on the nervous system?
What is the first step in the assembly of glycosaminoglycans on proteins?
What is the first step in the assembly of glycosaminoglycans on proteins?
What is a common symptom of I-cell disease?
What is a common symptom of I-cell disease?
Which class of biogenic amines includes compounds like serotonin and tryptamine?
Which class of biogenic amines includes compounds like serotonin and tryptamine?
What is the rate limiting step in catecholamine synthesis?
What is the rate limiting step in catecholamine synthesis?
Which cofactor is essential for the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase?
Which cofactor is essential for the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase?
How are biogenic amines primarily synthesized?
How are biogenic amines primarily synthesized?
Which of the following functions is NOT associated with biogenic amines?
Which of the following functions is NOT associated with biogenic amines?
What role do monoamine oxidases (MAO) play in the body?
What role do monoamine oxidases (MAO) play in the body?
Which statement about biogenic amines degradation is true?
Which statement about biogenic amines degradation is true?
Which co-substrate is required for the degradation of biogenic amines by monoamine oxidases?
Which co-substrate is required for the degradation of biogenic amines by monoamine oxidases?
What is a common consequence of monoamine oxidase A deficiency?
What is a common consequence of monoamine oxidase A deficiency?
Which substance can potentially build up due to vitamin B12 deficiency?
Which substance can potentially build up due to vitamin B12 deficiency?
What type of biogenic amine is cadaverine classified as?
What type of biogenic amine is cadaverine classified as?
Which biogenic amine is synthesized from tryptophan?
Which biogenic amine is synthesized from tryptophan?
What is the primary role of agmatine as a biogenic amine?
What is the primary role of agmatine as a biogenic amine?
Which of the following biogenic amines plays a significant role in the fight or flight response?
Which of the following biogenic amines plays a significant role in the fight or flight response?
Study Notes
Glycoproteins
- Proteins covalently linked to oligosaccharides or polysaccharides
- 10-15% oligosaccharide in weight by mass
Amino Sugars
- Sugar molecules with amino and acetate groups
- Example: N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)
N-Linked Glycosylation
- GlcNAc is added to the amide nitrogen of an asparagine (Asn) residue
- Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus sequence required where X is any amino acid except proline
- Glycosylation occurs within the ER lumen
O-Linked Glycosylation
- N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and other saccharides are addedto the hydroxyl group of serine (Ser) or threonine (Thr) residues
- Glycosylation occurs within the Golgi lumen
N-Linked Glycosylation Assembly and Modification
- Dolichol phosphate is a lipid carrier that spans the ER membrane
- Dolichol phosphate binds to activated sugars
- Dolichol phosphate facilitates the "flipping" of sugars across the ER membrane
- Oligosaccharyltransferase is a glycosyltransferase that adds sugars to proteins within the ER lumen
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of glycoproteins and their glycosylation processes in this quiz. Test your understanding of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation, including the roles of amino sugars and the cellular mechanisms involved. Ideal for students studying biochemistry and molecular biology.
