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Y1S2 010 III Biochem Glycolysis: The Central Metabolic Pathway

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Y1S2 010 III Biochem Glycolysis: The Central Metabolic Pathway

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of glycolysis in cellular respiration?

To produce NADH for energy storage

To convert lactate into pyruvate

To generate energy in the form of ATP (correct)

To synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates

In which cellular compartment does glycolysis occur?

Endoplasmic reticulum

Nucleus

Cytosol (correct)

Mitochondria

What is the committed step of glycolysis?

Step 7: Aldolase

Step 1: Glucose phosphorylation

Step 10: Pyruvate kinase

Step 3: Phosphofructokinase (correct)

What is the primary function of gluconeogenesis?

To synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of homolactic fermentation?

Lactate Signup and view all the answers

In which organs does gluconeogenesis occur?

Liver and kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Type 1 is unable to produce enough insulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the HbA1c test in diagnosing diabetes mellitus?

To reflect average blood sugar levels over a 2-3 month period Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for fasting blood glucose levels?

65-100 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) technology?

To estimate glucose levels and wirelessly send the information to a software program Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the breakdown of glycogen into glucose?

Glycogenolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic threshold for diabetes mellitus based on a 2-hour postprandial glucose level?

198 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Cori cycle in the body?

To prevent lactic acid accumulation in the muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of glucagon on glucose consuming pathways?

Inhibits Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of insulin in the body?

To stimulate glucose consumption in the muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of lactic acid accumulation in the muscles?

Toxicity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of glucagon?

Stimulates glucose uptake in the muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of diabetes mellitus?

A chronic disorder characterized by derangements in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism Signup and view all the answers