Glycolysis: Metabolic Pathway and Regulation
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Questions and Answers

Where does the glycolysis process occur in cells?

  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus
  • Cytosol (correct)
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • What is the net gain of ATP molecules during glycolysis?

  • 4 ATP
  • 2 ATP (correct)
  • No ATP
  • 6 ATP
  • What is the end product of glycolysis?

  • Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
  • Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
  • Glucose-6-phosphate
  • Pyruvate (correct)
  • Which enzyme is responsible for converting glucose into glucose-6-phosphate?

    <p>Glucose phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ATP in the regulation of glycolysis?

    <p>Inhibitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of NADH molecules produced during glycolysis?

    <p>2 NADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Overview of Glycolysis

    • Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose (a 6-carbon sugar) into pyruvate (a 3-carbon molecule)
    • Occurs in the cytosol of cells and is the first step in cellular respiration
    • Does not require oxygen (anaerobic process)

    Steps of Glycolysis

    1. Glucose phosphorylation: Glucose is converted into glucose-6-phosphate using one ATP molecule
    2. Phosphoglucose isomerase: Glucose-6-phosphate is converted into fructose-6-phosphate
    3. Aldolase: Fructose-6-phosphate is converted into fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
    4. Triosephosphate isomerase: Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is converted into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate
    5. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
    6. Phosphoglycerate kinase: 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate is converted into 3-phosphoglycerate and ATP
    7. Phosphoglycerate mutase: 3-Phosphoglycerate is converted into 2-phosphoglycerate
    8. Enolase: 2-Phosphoglycerate is converted into enolpyruvate
    9. Pyruvate kinase: Enolpyruvate is converted into pyruvate and ATP

    Net Gain of Glycolysis

    • 2 ATP molecules are produced
    • 2 NADH molecules are produced
    • Pyruvate is produced, which can be used in the citric acid cycle or converted into lactate

    Regulation of Glycolysis

    • Allosteric regulation by ATP, ADP, and AMP
    • Feedback inhibition by ATP and NADH
    • Activation by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and insulin

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    Description

    Learn about the steps of glycolysis, a crucial metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate. Understand the regulation of glycolysis, including allosteric regulation and feedback inhibition. Test your knowledge of this fundamental process in cellular respiration.

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