29 Questions
What is the purpose of building block molecules in cell metabolism?
To synthesize cell components needed for growth and maintenance
What is the role of organic precursor molecules in cell metabolism?
To allow the inter-conversion of building block molecules
What is the function of NADPH in cell metabolism?
To provide biosynthetic reducing power in the synthesis of cell components
What is the main difference between catabolic and anabolic pathways?
Catabolic pathways are oxidative, while anabolic pathways are reductive
What is the purpose of catabolic pathways in cell metabolism?
To break down larger molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy
What is the relationship between oxidation and reduction reactions in cell metabolism?
Oxidation reactions always accompany reduction reactions
What is the name of the process by which ATP is produced from ADP in glycolysis?
Substrate level phosphorylation
What is the purpose of creatine phosphate in muscle cells?
To act as a small store of free energy
What happens to creatine and creatine phosphate in muscle cells?
They undergo non-enzymatic chemical changes
What is the significance of creatinine in the body?
It is a waste product with no function
What can be inferred from the daily excretion of creatinine?
The individual's muscle mass is stable
What is the difference in daily creatinine excretion between males and females?
Males excrete more creatinine than females
What is the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide?
NAD
What is the main function of carrier molecules in cells?
To act as carriers of reducing power
What is the role of vitamins in relation to carrier molecules?
To supply components of carrier molecules that cannot be synthesized in the body
What is the result of all NAD in a cell being in the reduced form (NADH)?
Oxidation reactions that require NAD+ are not possible
What is the purpose of the electron transport reactions in cell respiration?
To oxidize NADH and FADH2
What is the total concentration of carrier molecules in cells?
Constant
What is the main purpose of measuring blood concentrations of cell nutrients and their waste products?
To diagnose and monitor metabolic diseases
What happens to the blood concentration of cell nutrients and their waste products under normal physiological conditions?
It remains relatively constant
Which of the following situations is associated with pathological changes in blood concentrations of cell nutrients and their waste products?
Diabetes and atherosclerosis
What is the normal fasting plasma concentration of glucose in mmol/L?
5
What is the primary function of capillaries in the context of cell metabolism?
To transport nutrients into the cell
What is the primary function of ATP in cells?
To act as a carrier of free energy
What happens when the concentration of ATP falls and the concentration of ADP and/or AMP increases?
Catabolic pathways are activated
What is the significance of the high energy of hydrolysis bond in ATP?
It allows ATP to release relatively large amounts of free energy
What is the role of ATP in signaling energy levels in cells?
It signals adequate energy levels for immediate needs
What is the significance of the rate of ATP turnover in cells?
It indicates that energy is required to drive cellular activities
What is the characteristic of other phosphorylated compounds besides ATP?
They have high energies of hydrolysis
Understand the role of substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis and how creatine phosphate reacts with ADP to regenerate ATP in muscle cells. Learn about the reversible reaction and its importance in energy production.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
