2-L1

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What is the purpose of building block molecules in cell metabolism?

To break down larger molecules into smaller ones
To provide energy for cell functions
To release free energy through oxidation reactions
To synthesize cell components needed for growth and maintenance (correct)

What is the role of organic precursor molecules in cell metabolism?

To provide energy for cell functions
To synthesize cell components needed for growth and maintenance
To release free energy through oxidation reactions
To allow the inter-conversion of building block molecules (correct)

What is the function of NADPH in cell metabolism?

To provide energy for cell functions
To synthesize cell components needed for growth and maintenance
To provide biosynthetic reducing power in the synthesis of cell components (correct)
To release free energy through oxidation reactions

What is the main difference between catabolic and anabolic pathways?

Catabolic pathways are oxidative, while anabolic pathways are reductive (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of catabolic pathways in cell metabolism?

To break down larger molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between oxidation and reduction reactions in cell metabolism?

Oxidation reactions always accompany reduction reactions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which ATP is produced from ADP in glycolysis?

Substrate level phosphorylation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of creatine phosphate in muscle cells?

To act as a small store of free energy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to creatine and creatine phosphate in muscle cells?

They undergo non-enzymatic chemical changes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of creatinine in the body?

It is a waste product with no function (C) Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred from the daily excretion of creatinine?

The individual's muscle mass is stable (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in daily creatinine excretion between males and females?

Males excrete more creatinine than females (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide?

NAD (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of carrier molecules in cells?

To act as carriers of reducing power (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of vitamins in relation to carrier molecules?

To supply components of carrier molecules that cannot be synthesized in the body (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of all NAD in a cell being in the reduced form (NADH)?

Oxidation reactions that require NAD+ are not possible (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the electron transport reactions in cell respiration?

To oxidize NADH and FADH2 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total concentration of carrier molecules in cells?

Constant (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of measuring blood concentrations of cell nutrients and their waste products?

To diagnose and monitor metabolic diseases (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the blood concentration of cell nutrients and their waste products under normal physiological conditions?

It remains relatively constant (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following situations is associated with pathological changes in blood concentrations of cell nutrients and their waste products?

Diabetes and atherosclerosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal fasting plasma concentration of glucose in mmol/L?

5 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of capillaries in the context of cell metabolism?

To transport nutrients into the cell (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in cells?

To act as a carrier of free energy (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the concentration of ATP falls and the concentration of ADP and/or AMP increases?

Catabolic pathways are activated (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the high energy of hydrolysis bond in ATP?

It allows ATP to release relatively large amounts of free energy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ATP in signaling energy levels in cells?

It signals adequate energy levels for immediate needs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the rate of ATP turnover in cells?

It indicates that energy is required to drive cellular activities (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of other phosphorylated compounds besides ATP?

They have high energies of hydrolysis (A) Signup and view all the answers