ENdo Pancreas

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Which hormone inhibits insulin secretion?

Gastrin

Somatostatin (correct)

Glucagon-like peptide1(GLP-1)

Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)

Insulin secretion is greater in response to which type of glucose intake?

Oral glucose intake (correct)

Intravenously administered glucose

Both oral and intravenous glucose intake

None of the above

Which hormone stimulates secretion of both insulin and glucagon?

Gastrin

Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) (correct)

Glucagon-like peptide1(GLP-1)

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

What is the normal fasting plasma glucose concentration?

70-99 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

Which two major hormones are secreted from the endocrine pancreas?

Insulin and glucagon Signup and view all the answers

What are the major target organs for insulin and glucagon?

Liver and muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the insulin/glucagon (I/G) ratio in the regulation of body metabolism?

It determines the rate of glucose uptake by cells Signup and view all the answers

Which disease state is caused by under-secretion of insulin?

Type 1 diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What are the complications of hyperglycemia?

Kidney failure and nerve damage Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following transporters is responsible for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal, adipose tissue, and cardiac muscle?

GLUT-4 Signup and view all the answers

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the brain, placenta, and testes?

GLUT-3 Signup and view all the answers

Which glucose transporter is responsible for glucose sensing in pancreatic beta cells?

GLUT-2 Signup and view all the answers

Which glucose transporter is responsible for transporting glucose, galactose, and fructose in the liver, pancreatic beta cells, small intestine, and kidney?

GLUT-2 Signup and view all the answers

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the skeletal muscle, adipocytes, and cardiac muscle?

GLUT-4 Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the pancreas secrete insulin and amylin?

B cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of glucagon?

To mobilize nutrient reserves Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone inhibits the secretion of pancreatic hormones?

Somatostatin Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of insulin?

3-5 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the stimulus for insulin secretion?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following plasma values would best explain the homeostatic regulation of plasma glucose levels?

Insulin/glucagon ratio Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of hyperglycemia in patients with low insulin effect (diabetes)?

Low glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and fat cells and high hepatic glucose output Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates insulin release by exocytosis from pancreatic beta cells?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone inhibits insulin secretion?

Somatostatin Signup and view all the answers

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the brain, placenta, and testes?

GLUT3 Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is linked to osteoporosis and bone fragility?

Insulin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a metabolic consequence of diabetes mellitus?

Skeletal muscle wasting Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a complication of hyperglycemia in diabetes?

Neuropathy Signup and view all the answers

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the liver, pancreatic beta cells, small intestine, and kidney?

GLUT-2 Signup and view all the answers

Which plasma glucose level is considered normal after a meal?

<blockquote> 200 mg/dL </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major reason for complications of diabetes mellitus?

Hyperglycemia Signup and view all the answers

Which glucose transporter is responsible for glucose sensing in pancreatic beta cells?

GLUT-2 Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in response to hypoglycemia?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the skeletal muscle, adipocytes, and cardiac muscle?

GLUT-4 Signup and view all the answers

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the brain, placenta, and testes?

GLUT-3 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a hormonal response to low blood glucose levels?

Increased cortisol secretion Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating glycogenolysis in the liver and in the muscle?

Epinephrine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of hyperglycemia in patients with low insulin effect (diabetes)?

Low glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and fat cells Signup and view all the answers

True or False: Insulin receptors exist only in the skeletal and cardiac muscle and fat cells.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the pancreas secrete insulin and amylin?

Beta cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of insulin/glucagon (I/G) ratio in the regulation of body metabolism?

The I/G ratio affects the balance between anabolic and catabolic processes in the body Signup and view all the answers

What are the major target organs for insulin and glucagon?

Insulin: liver, muscle, and adipose tissue; Glucagon: liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of glucagon?

Glucagon stimulates glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis in the liver Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for mobilizing glycogen, fat, and protein to serve as energy sources during periods of food deprivation?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of C-peptide?

Protects functional β-cells from oxidative stress Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps of insulin secretion in response to increased plasma glucose concentration?

Glucose enters the β cells via GLUT2 transporter, glucose → glucose-P → → ↑ATP production, ATP binds to the ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP) → ↓K+ efflux → β cell depolarization Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of insulin?

Mobilizes glycogen, fat, and protein to serve as energy sources Signup and view all the answers

ENdo Pancreas

Choose a study mode

Podcast

Questions and Answers

Which hormone inhibits insulin secretion?

Insulin secretion is greater in response to which type of glucose intake?

Which hormone stimulates secretion of both insulin and glucagon?

What is the normal fasting plasma glucose concentration?

Which two major hormones are secreted from the endocrine pancreas?

What are the major target organs for insulin and glucagon?

What is the role of the insulin/glucagon (I/G) ratio in the regulation of body metabolism?

Which disease state is caused by under-secretion of insulin?

What are the complications of hyperglycemia?

Which of the following transporters is responsible for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal, adipose tissue, and cardiac muscle?

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the brain, placenta, and testes?

Which glucose transporter is responsible for glucose sensing in pancreatic beta cells?

Which glucose transporter is responsible for transporting glucose, galactose, and fructose in the liver, pancreatic beta cells, small intestine, and kidney?

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the skeletal muscle, adipocytes, and cardiac muscle?

Which cells in the pancreas secrete insulin and amylin?

What is the function of glucagon?

Which hormone inhibits the secretion of pancreatic hormones?

What is the half-life of insulin?

What is the stimulus for insulin secretion?

Which of the following plasma values would best explain the homeostatic regulation of plasma glucose levels?

What is the mechanism of hyperglycemia in patients with low insulin effect (diabetes)?

Which hormone stimulates insulin release by exocytosis from pancreatic beta cells?

Which hormone inhibits insulin secretion?

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the brain, placenta, and testes?

Which hormone is linked to osteoporosis and bone fragility?

Which of the following is a metabolic consequence of diabetes mellitus?

Which of the following is a complication of hyperglycemia in diabetes?

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the liver, pancreatic beta cells, small intestine, and kidney?

Which plasma glucose level is considered normal after a meal?

What is the major reason for complications of diabetes mellitus?

Which glucose transporter is responsible for glucose sensing in pancreatic beta cells?

Which hormone stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in response to hypoglycemia?

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the skeletal muscle, adipocytes, and cardiac muscle?

Which glucose transporter is primarily expressed in the brain, placenta, and testes?

Which of the following is NOT a hormonal response to low blood glucose levels?

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating glycogenolysis in the liver and in the muscle?

What is the primary mechanism of hyperglycemia in patients with low insulin effect (diabetes)?

True or False: Insulin receptors exist only in the skeletal and cardiac muscle and fat cells.

Which cells in the pancreas secrete insulin and amylin?

What is the role of insulin/glucagon (I/G) ratio in the regulation of body metabolism?

What are the major target organs for insulin and glucagon?

What is the function of glucagon?

Which hormone is responsible for mobilizing glycogen, fat, and protein to serve as energy sources during periods of food deprivation?

What is the primary function of C-peptide?

What are the steps of insulin secretion in response to increased plasma glucose concentration?

What is the primary function of insulin?

More Like This

Insulin

Quiz del sistema endocrino y metabólico

Endocrine System Hormones Quiz

Endocrine Physiology: Glucose Homeostasis