Chapter 8

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Glucose, with its four chiral carbon atoms, has possible stereoisomers. A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

K

The smallest aldose is . A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

H

The monosaccharides -D-galactose and -D-galactose are A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

E

Bulky ring substituents preferentially occupy positions in the chair conformation. A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

M Signup and view all the answers

The sugars are monosaccharides in which a hydroxyl group is replaced with a hydrogen atom. A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

B Signup and view all the answers

The disaccharide commonly found in dairy products is . A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

G Signup and view all the answers

is a homopolymer composed of (1-4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues that is the principle structural component of the exoskeleton of various groups of invertebrates. A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

N Signup and view all the answers

Both (14) and (16) bonds can be found in the plant product A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

I Signup and view all the answers

An example of a homopolysaccharide in liver and muscle is . A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

L Signup and view all the answers

is a heteropolymer composed of D-glucoronate and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine that acts as shock absorber and lubricant. A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

O Signup and view all the answers

The main component of a bacterial cell wall is a . A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

C Signup and view all the answers

How many stereoisomers are possible for an aldopentose such as ribose?

8 Signup and view all the answers

. How many stereoisomers are possible for a ketopentose such as ribulose?

4 Signup and view all the answers

Which sugar shown in the figure above is the enantiomer of sugar A?

D Signup and view all the answers

Which two sugars shown in the figure above are epimers?

A and B Signup and view all the answers

Which of the structures shown in the figure above is galactose?

C Signup and view all the answers

Which structure(s) shown in the figure above represent reducing sugar(s)?

A, B, C Signup and view all the answers

Which structure shown in the figure above is a ketohexose?

D Signup and view all the answers

Which structure shown in the figure above is ribose?

A Signup and view all the answers

The structures shown in the figure above are represented as

Fischer projections. Signup and view all the answers

Alcohols react with aldehydes to form

hemiacetals. Signup and view all the answers

At equilibrium in solution, D-glucose consists of a mixture of its anomers. Which statement most accurately describes this solution?

The -anomer predominates over the -anomer by a ratio of approximately 2:1. Signup and view all the answers

The structure shown in the figure above represents a

fructofuranose. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the carbon atoms shown in the figure above represent the anomeric carbon?

E Signup and view all the answers

The configuration around which carbon atom shown in the figure above determines

A Signup and view all the answers

The transformation of a monosaccharide into its require the assistance of a catalyst.

anomer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sugars is not a reducing sugar?

sucrose Signup and view all the answers

Uronic acids

B and C are both correct. Signup and view all the answers

The sialic acids

are important constituents of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Signup and view all the answers

The bonding of alcohols to the anomeric center of a carbohydrate results in the formation of a(n) bond.

glycosidic Signup and view all the answers

A saccharide that has free aldehyde group is called a(n)

reducing sugar Signup and view all the answers

D-Allose is an aldohexose. Methylation of which hydroxyl group on -D-allopyranose prevents the molecule from mutarotating to -D-allopyranose?

C1 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most abundant disaccharide?

sucrose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

none of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is not an artificial sweetener?

maltose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements applies to all artificial sweeteners?

Artificial sweeteners are much sweeter than sucrose. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following polysaccharides cannot be digested by mammalian salivary, gastric, or pancreatic enzymes?

cellulose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following polysaccharides cannot be digested by mammalian salivary, gastric, or pancreatic enzymes?

chitin Signup and view all the answers

Which of these polysaccharides is a branched polymer?

amylopectin Signup and view all the answers

Chitin differs from cellulose due to

replacement of the C2 OH group by an acetamido group. Signup and view all the answers

Cellulose is

a linear polymer of glucose with β(14) linkages. Signup and view all the answers

Which polysaccharide is found in a helically coiled conformation?

a-amylose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mixture of two types of polymers?

starch Signup and view all the answers

Starch is a mixture of

-amylose and amylopectin. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a heteropolysaccharide?

hyaluronic acid Signup and view all the answers

Glycoproteins

exhibit microheterogeneity. Signup and view all the answers

Bacterial cell walls are composed of

peptidoglycans Signup and view all the answers

N-linked oligosaccharides can be covalently linked to proteins at which amino acid?

Asn Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about N-linked glycosylation is correct?

N-linked sugars are attached to proteins as a 14 residue oligosaccharide during translation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Signup and view all the answers

Chapter 8

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Questions and Answers

Glucose, with its four chiral carbon atoms, has possible stereoisomers. A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

The smallest aldose is . A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

The monosaccharides -D-galactose and -D-galactose are A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

Bulky ring substituents preferentially occupy positions in the chair conformation. A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

The sugars are monosaccharides in which a hydroxyl group is replaced with a hydrogen atom. A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

The disaccharide commonly found in dairy products is . A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

Both (14) and (16) bonds can be found in the plant product A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

An example of a homopolysaccharide in liver and muscle is . A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

The main component of a bacterial cell wall is a . A) eight B) deoxy C) peptidoglycan D) axial E) anomers F) two G) lactose H) glyceraldehyde I) amylopectin J) epimers K) sixteen L) glycogen M) equatorial N) chitin O) hyaluronic acid P ) amylose

How many stereoisomers are possible for an aldopentose such as ribose?

. How many stereoisomers are possible for a ketopentose such as ribulose?

Which sugar shown in the figure above is the enantiomer of sugar A?

Which two sugars shown in the figure above are epimers?

Which of the structures shown in the figure above is galactose?

Which structure(s) shown in the figure above represent reducing sugar(s)?

Which structure shown in the figure above is a ketohexose?

Which structure shown in the figure above is ribose?

The structures shown in the figure above are represented as

Alcohols react with aldehydes to form

At equilibrium in solution, D-glucose consists of a mixture of its anomers. Which statement most accurately describes this solution?

The structure shown in the figure above represents a

Which of the carbon atoms shown in the figure above represent the anomeric carbon?

The configuration around which carbon atom shown in the figure above determines

The transformation of a monosaccharide into its require the assistance of a catalyst.

Which of the following sugars is not a reducing sugar?

Uronic acids

The sialic acids

The bonding of alcohols to the anomeric center of a carbohydrate results in the formation of a(n) bond.

A saccharide that has free aldehyde group is called a(n)

D-Allose is an aldohexose. Methylation of which hydroxyl group on -D-allopyranose prevents the molecule from mutarotating to -D-allopyranose?

Which of the following is the most abundant disaccharide?

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

Which of these is not an artificial sweetener?

Which of the following statements applies to all artificial sweeteners?

Which of the following polysaccharides cannot be digested by mammalian salivary, gastric, or pancreatic enzymes?

Which of the following polysaccharides cannot be digested by mammalian salivary, gastric, or pancreatic enzymes?

Which of these polysaccharides is a branched polymer?

Chitin differs from cellulose due to

Cellulose is

Which polysaccharide is found in a helically coiled conformation?

Which of the following is a mixture of two types of polymers?

Starch is a mixture of

Which of the following is an example of a heteropolysaccharide?

Glycoproteins

Bacterial cell walls are composed of

N-linked oligosaccharides can be covalently linked to proteins at which amino acid?

Which statement about N-linked glycosylation is correct?

Which of the following sequences represents a recognition site for N-linked glycosylation where X is any amino acid except Pro?

O-linked oligosaccharides are commonly attached to the —OH group of

Proteins that bind to specific carbohydrates are called

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