Respiratory System 1
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of mast cell stabilizers in the treatment of asthma?

  • Enhance inflammatory response in the airways
  • Induce bronchodilation
  • Reduce bronchial inflammation (correct)
  • Increase bronchial hyper-reactivity

What is a characteristic of glucocorticoids in asthma treatment?

  • Rapid onset of action within a few minutes
  • Promote bronchial hyper-reactivity
  • Cause immediate bronchodilation
  • Reduce inflammation in the bronchial tubes (correct)

Which of the following is true about the routes of administration for glucocorticoids in asthma treatment?

  • Topical application is recommended for long-term therapy
  • Intravenous administration is the most common route
  • Oral inhalation is preferred for local action in the airways (correct)
  • Subcutaneous injections are used for rapid systemic effects

What is a common side effect of glucocorticoids used in asthma treatment?

<p>Hyperglycemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when glucocorticoids are abruptly withdrawn after long-term use in asthma treatment?

<p>Rebound worsening of symptoms and adrenal insufficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of glucocorticoids in treating asthma?

<p>Reduction in the number of inflammatory cells in airways (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration is considered the best choice for glucocorticoids in the treatment of asthma due to having fewer side effects?

<p>Inhalation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with systemic administration of glucocorticoids?

<p>Adrenal suppression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is indicative of adrenal crisis, a life-threatening condition when corticosteroids are abruptly stopped?

<p>Lightheadedness and weakness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of mast cell stabilizers like Cromolyn (cromoglycate) in treating asthma?

<p>Stabilization of mast cell membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common side effect associated with inhalation of glucocorticoids?

<p>Adrenal suppression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the route of administration for epinephrine to treat acute anaphylaxis?

<p>Subcutaneous or inhalation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using epinephrine for acute anaphylaxis?

<p>Contraindicated in diabetic patients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main drug of choice for the treatment of acute anaphylaxis?

<p>Epinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following side effects is NOT associated with the use of epinephrine?

<p>Hypotension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Salmeterol not used to relieve acute episodes of asthma?

<p>Long duration of action (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred route of administration for Albuterol in the management of acute episodic attack of asthma?

<p>Inhalation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route of administration for Albuterol, Terbutaline, and Salmeterol?

<p>By inhalation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common disadvantage of using long-acting beta2 agonists like Salmeterol and Formoterol?

<p>Used for acute episodes of asthma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Albuterol's onset of action?

<p>Immediate onset (within 5 minutes) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are glucocorticoids considered important in asthma treatment?

<p>They have anti-inflammatory properties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is the drug of choice for acute anaphylaxis due to its quick onset and short duration of action?

<p>Terbutaline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main disadvantages associated with ß2 agonists?

<p>Skeletal muscle tremors and tachycardia overdose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is suitable for asthmatic patients with hypertension or heart failure due to minimal cardiovascular side effects?

<p>Ipratropium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bronchodilator has a longer duration of action among the quick relief medications mentioned?

<p>Tiotropium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main pharmacodynamic difference between ß2-agonists and muscarinic antagonists as quick relief medications?

<p>Bronchial muscle relaxation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug, by inhibiting bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion, is less effective than ß2-agonists among the quick relief medications?

<p>Ipratropium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In bronchial asthma treatment, which medication is classified as a quick relief medication?

<p>Leukotrienes antagonists (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of short-acting beta2 agonists in asthma management?

<p>Stimulating adenyl cyclase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a long-acting beta2 agonist used in the maintenance therapy of bronchial asthma?

<p>Salmeterol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of asthma?

<p>Reducing airway inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect associated with the use of anti-IgE monoclonal antibody in asthma treatment?

<p>Bronchospasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect associated with the use of anti-IgE monoclonal antibody in asthma treatment?

<p>Headache (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of short-acting beta2 agonists in asthma management?

<p>Inhibit bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about short-acting beta2 agonists?

<p>They have a long onset of action (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage associated with using short-acting beta2 agonists like albuterol?

<p>Quick tolerance development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are short-acting beta2 agonists considered the main choice in acute severe asthma?

<p>They provide quick relief by inhibiting bronchoconstriction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with the prolonged use of short-acting beta2 agonists?

<p>Tachycardia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes short-acting beta2 agonists from long-acting beta2 agonists?

<p>Quick onset of action (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the pharmacodynamics of short-acting beta2 agonists?

<p>They primarily focus on relaxing bronchial muscles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential concern regarding the overuse of short-acting beta2 agonists?

<p>Development of tolerance to their effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common misconception about the duration of action of short-acting beta2 agonists?

<p>Their effects last for an extended period even after administration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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