Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a demand-driven factor for globalizing innovation?
Which of the following is a demand-driven factor for globalizing innovation?
What is a key consideration when deciding whether to centralize or decentralize R&D?
What is a key consideration when deciding whether to centralize or decentralize R&D?
What motivates universities to create international branch campuses?
What motivates universities to create international branch campuses?
What implication arises from the creation of global innovation networks?
What implication arises from the creation of global innovation networks?
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Which supply-driven factor necessitates the proximity to potential partners?
Which supply-driven factor necessitates the proximity to potential partners?
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During which period was there a rapid growth in R&D, which has since stabilized?
During which period was there a rapid growth in R&D, which has since stabilized?
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Which of the following is NOT an issue to consider when creating a global innovation network?
Which of the following is NOT an issue to consider when creating a global innovation network?
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What is one of the motivations for emerging countries to grow in relevance in global innovation?
What is one of the motivations for emerging countries to grow in relevance in global innovation?
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What is one consequence of having dispersed corporate R&D centers globally?
What is one consequence of having dispersed corporate R&D centers globally?
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Which aspect of technology commercialization is driven by global university expansion?
Which aspect of technology commercialization is driven by global university expansion?
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Study Notes
Globalization of Innovation
- Innovation is becoming more global, driven by international collaborations and faster diffusion. Global innovation networks, including distributed corporate R&D centers, are developing.
Motivations for Globalizing Innovation
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Demand-driven:
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Proximity to local customers is important.
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Products need adaptation to local markets.
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"Trading market access for technology" – companies sometimes prioritize access to markets over pure technology development.
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Supply-driven:
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Access to highly skilled personnel is crucial.
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Proximity to university and R&D labs enhances innovation.
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Proximity to partners (customers and suppliers) fosters collaboration.
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Access to low-cost R&D personnel in certain regions is a factor.
Implications of Global Innovation Networks
- Decisions: Firms must choose between centralizing or decentralizing R&D, select optimal locations, and integrate distributed R&D networks.
- Considerations:
- Effective size of R&D units (minimum/maximum).
- Cultural differences and diversity are critical.
- Communication across borders is impacted.
Changing Global Landscape of Innovation
- Emerging countries are increasingly significant as destinations and sources of innovation, while Western countries face challenges in attracting investment.
- Growth of R&D has stabilized following a period of rapid expansion (1980-2010).
International Mobility of Individuals and Institutions
- Entrepreneurs and start-ups are more mobile globally.
- Universities and public research institutes are expanding internationally, establishing branch campuses.
- Motivations for International Expansion (Universities/Institutes):
- Expanding educational programs to attract students and gain funding.
- Accessing foreign research funding and subsidies.
- Expanding technology commercialization and engaging in contract research with foreign entities.
- Achieving efficiency gains through shared governance of campuses.
- Building efficient global research networks.
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Description
This quiz explores the factors driving the globalization of innovation and the motivations behind firms' strategies in R&D. It covers demand-driven and supply-driven aspects, along with the implications for corporate decisions in a global context. Test your understanding of how global networks are reshaping innovation.
