Podcast
Questions and Answers
What do proponents of neoliberalism view as a foundation for human flourishing?
What do proponents of neoliberalism view as a foundation for human flourishing?
Which factor is NOT a downside of neoliberalism as mentioned in the text?
Which factor is NOT a downside of neoliberalism as mentioned in the text?
What did successive administrations in the Philippines aim to achieve by pursuing tariff reductions and integrating into global markets?
What did successive administrations in the Philippines aim to achieve by pursuing tariff reductions and integrating into global markets?
Which consortium took over the East Zone of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) after its privatization?
Which consortium took over the East Zone of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) after its privatization?
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What act paved the way for the privatization of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) in the Philippines?
What act paved the way for the privatization of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) in the Philippines?
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What is a common criticism made by opponents of neoliberalism?
What is a common criticism made by opponents of neoliberalism?
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What was the main reason behind the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in the early 1970s?
What was the main reason behind the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in the early 1970s?
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What distinguishes the Third Industrial Revolution from the Second Industrial Revolution?
What distinguishes the Third Industrial Revolution from the Second Industrial Revolution?
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What term describes political and economic policies associated with unrestrained free-market global capitalism?
What term describes political and economic policies associated with unrestrained free-market global capitalism?
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Which technology is characteristic of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?
Which technology is characteristic of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?
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What key aspect defines the Fourth Industrial Revolution?
What key aspect defines the Fourth Industrial Revolution?
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What did President Richard Nixon do that effectively brought down the Bretton Woods system?
What did President Richard Nixon do that effectively brought down the Bretton Woods system?
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Which technology is NOT mentioned as part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?
Which technology is NOT mentioned as part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?
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What is the main principle behind neoliberalism policies?
What is the main principle behind neoliberalism policies?
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What does 'Neo' in neoliberalism refer to?
What does 'Neo' in neoliberalism refer to?
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What is a significant impact of the Third Industrial Revolution on industries?
What is a significant impact of the Third Industrial Revolution on industries?
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Which school of thought prescribes minimal government interference in economic issues?
Which school of thought prescribes minimal government interference in economic issues?
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In which century did the Fourth Industrial Revolution begin?
In which century did the Fourth Industrial Revolution begin?
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What is a common disadvantage of both the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions?
What is a common disadvantage of both the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions?
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Which era saw the transition from hand production methods to machines and the rise of mechanized factory systems?
Which era saw the transition from hand production methods to machines and the rise of mechanized factory systems?
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What was a key feature of the Second Industrial Revolution?
What was a key feature of the Second Industrial Revolution?
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Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage associated with the Agricultural Revolution?
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage associated with the Agricultural Revolution?
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What was a major impact of the Industrial Revolution that led to migration from rural to urban areas?
What was a major impact of the Industrial Revolution that led to migration from rural to urban areas?
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Which technological advancement was characteristic of the First Industrial Revolution?
Which technological advancement was characteristic of the First Industrial Revolution?
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What are the different dimensions of integration that Arjun Apparudai refers to as 'scapes' in his explanation of globalization?
What are the different dimensions of integration that Arjun Apparudai refers to as 'scapes' in his explanation of globalization?
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From the text, what is one positive impact of globalization on Filipinos?
From the text, what is one positive impact of globalization on Filipinos?
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How does Arjun Apparudai describe the global movement of people in the context of globalization?
How does Arjun Apparudai describe the global movement of people in the context of globalization?
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What impact of globalization is highlighted in the text as a disadvantage for small local industries?
What impact of globalization is highlighted in the text as a disadvantage for small local industries?
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In what context does Arjun Apparudai refer to the realm where political ideas circulate?
In what context does Arjun Apparudai refer to the realm where political ideas circulate?
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Why do small landowners sometimes sell their farm lands according to the text?
Why do small landowners sometimes sell their farm lands according to the text?
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Study Notes
Neoliberalism
- Neoliberalism is a term for political and economic policies associated with unrestrained free-market global capitalism.
- It emphasizes individual freedoms and limited government intervention in the economy.
- Key policies include enhancing free market capitalism, reducing government spending and regulation, and promoting globalization.
Pros and Cons of Neoliberalism
- Critics argue that Neoliberal policies exacerbate economic and social inequalities.
- Inequality, financial and employment instability, and monopolies are downsides of Neoliberalism.
Neoliberalism in the Philippines
- Successive Philippine administrations, particularly under Fidel Ramos and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, pursued tariff reductions and integration into global markets.
- The National Water Crisis Act of 1997 led to the privatization of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System.
Industrial Revolutions
First Industrial Revolution
- Late 18th to mid-19th century, beginning in Britain.
- Key features: transition from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacture, iron production process, and increased use of steam power and water power.
Second Industrial Revolution
- Late 19th to early 20th century.
- Rapid industrialization and growth of existing industries with new methods such as the assembly line.
Third Industrial Revolution
- Late 20th century.
- Also known as the Digital Revolution.
- Key features: shift from mechanical and analog electronic technology to digital electronics, emergence of computers and automated systems.
Fourth Industrial Revolution
- 21st century onwards.
- Builds on the Digital Revolution and represents new ways in which technology becomes embedded within societies and even the human body.
- Key features: advances in artificial intelligence, robotics, Internet of Things (IoT), autonomous vehicles, 3D printing, quantum computing, and nanotechnology.
Agricultural Revolutions
- Advantages: stable food supply, increased productivity, population growth, technological innovations, economic opportunities, improved standard of living, and global hunger reduction.
- Disadvantages: environmental impact, social inequality, health issues, loss of biodiversity, and labor intensity.
Globalization
- Concept defined by anthropologist Arjun Appadurai as occurring on multiple and intersecting dimensions of integration, including:
- Ethnoscape (global movement of people)
- Mediascape (flow of culture)
- Technoscape (circulation of mechanical goods and software)
- Financescape (global circulation of money)
- Ideoscape (realm where political ideas move around)
- Pros of globalization: improved lives of many Filipinos, inexpensive and varied products, savings to consumers, and opportunities for small landowners.
- Cons of globalization: high-paying jobs abroad lure many Filipinos away from their families and country, imported commodities kill local industries, and farm lands are sold and converted into golf courses.
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Description
Explore the various dimensions of globalization as defined by anthropologist Arjun Appadurai, such as Ethnoscape, Mediascape, and Technoscape. Learn how these 'scapes' contribute to the global movement of people, flow of culture, and circulation of goods and software.
