Globalization and World-Systems Theory

The process of increased interconnectedness and interdependence among nations, driven by factors like technological advancements, economic integration, cultural exchange, and political collaboration.

A theoretical perspective that posits globalization as the expansion of the capitalist system across the globe. It highlights the role of private ownership and market mechanisms in driving global economic integration.

The dominant region in the World System Theory, characterized by advanced technology, high levels of capital accumulation, and complex, specialized production activities.

The region in the World System Theory that sits between the Core and the Periphery, exhibiting characteristics of both. This region is characterized by less developed technology, mixed levels of capital accumulation, and a mix of production activities.

The region in the World System Theory that is economically dependent on the Core, characterized by lower levels of technology, limited capital accumulation, and reliance on labor-intensive production activities.

The concept of a division of labor between the Core and Periphery in the World System Theory, where the Core focuses on capital-intensive production and the Periphery focuses on labor-intensive production.

The process of economic activity taking place across national borders, including trade, investment, and the movement of capital and labor.

The spread of ideas, values, and practices across national borders, often driven by technological advancements, cultural exchange, and globalization.

The way in which power relations are established and maintained across national borders through institutions, networks, and processes.

The establishment of a global market free from political and social constraints, allowing for unhindered trade and investment.

Refers to highly developed countries with high levels of education, salaries, and technology, generating significant wealth in the global economy.

These countries act as a buffer between core and periphery nations, exhibiting characteristics of both. They may be exploited by the core but also exploit the periphery.

Refers to less developed (Third World) countries with lower levels of education, salaries, and technology, generating less wealth in the global economy.

A theory suggesting that all societies progress through similar stages, starting with traditional economies, then industrializing, and ultimately becoming modern, high-technology societies.

This theory proposes that world culture is a new force, homogenizing global societies towards shared values and institutions.

This perspective acknowledges the importance of world culture but emphasizes the diversity and complexity of global relationships. It argues that globalization leads to relative values and standards across societies.

A process where each nation or unit within the global system adapts and evolves based on its unique context and interactions with other units.

The idea that global connection and interaction lead to a process of re-evaluating existing values and norms, recognizing the diversity and relativity of different cultures and societies.

A period in a society's development characterized by industrialization, technological advancement, urbanization, and a shift from agricultural economies to manufacturing-based economies.

The concept that the global system is made up of interconnected units (nations, organizations, individuals) that interact and influence each other in a complex web of relationships.

The process of adopting elements of global culture into local cultures. This can be seen as a blend of global influence and local identity.

The idea that globalization, while not creating a single culture, does provide a common platform for nations and individuals to interact and compete, using shared standards as benchmarks.

A theory advocating for individual economic freedom through liberated markets, strong private property rights, and minimal government intervention.

The process of creating uniformity or sameness, often used in the context of cultural globalization.

The process of making things alike, often used in the context of cultural globalization.

The theory that human well-being is best achieved by liberating individual entrepreneurial freedoms and skills within a framework of strong private property rights, free markets, and free trade.

The theory that globalization leads to a homogenization of cultures, where distinct local identities are increasingly overshadowed by global influence.