Global Sports and Social Impact

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Questions and Answers

What concept is defined as identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, potentially at the expense of other nations?

  • Communalism
  • Nationalism (correct)
  • Globalism
  • Internationalism

According to the information, what was a key characteristic of sports in Communist Soviet Russia?

  • Sports were primarily for individual enjoyment and leisure.
  • Sports were completely separated from political ideology.
  • Sports were seen as a means to an end for state power and defense. (correct)
  • Sports participation was discouraged to focus on academic achievements.

What approach to training was adopted in Soviet Russia, reflecting the importance placed on sports?

  • A recreational approach.
  • A laissez-faire approach
  • A militaristic approach. (correct)
  • A purely scientific approach.

What did the leaders of Communist Soviet Russia consider sports to be?

<p>A matter of primary importance to the state (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Soviets believe regarding sports and athlete development, as described by the triangle theory?

<p>The more people who participate in sports, the more top-level athletes will be produced. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of physical culture and sport in Soviet Russia before World War II?

<p>To build the country's defense potential and facilitate domestic purposes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were the 1936 Olympic Games significant for Nazi Germany?

<p>They provided a platform for showcasing the Nazi regime and its propaganda. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Nazis in promoting an image of a new, strong, and united Germany during the 1936 Olympics?

<p>To cover up their targeting of Jews and Roma and Germany's growing militarism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial reaction of Adolf Hitler, according to the text, regarding hosting the 1936 Olympics in Berlin?

<p>He was lukewarm and needed convincing by Joseph Goebbels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term did the Nazis use to describe the race they considered superior and embodying 'pure blood'?

<p>Aryan Race (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact did the participation of 49 nations in the 1936 Olympic Games have on the Hitler regime?

<p>It legitimized the Hitler regime in the eyes of the world and German domestic audiences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do countries like modern-day Russia and China have in common regarding sports and athletics programs?

<p>Both countries have been criticized for state-sponsored doping programs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did people in the United States and Europe call for a boycott of the Olympic Games for the first time in modern history?

<p>Because of human rights abuses. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did the International Olympic Committee (IOC) take against the Russian Olympic Committee in response to doping?

<p>They suspended the Russian Olympic Committee from the 2018 Winter Olympics. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country set up its sports and athletics program by following the Soviet model for athletic development?

<p>China (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ‘Arms Race’ defined as?

<p>A competition between nations for superiority. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of leisure time resulting from a universal eight-hour day in the Soviet Russia?

<p>It facilitated a passion for mass activity and made excellent facilities available at no cost (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the Nazi Germany era, how was sports related to the concept of the Aryan race?

<p>Sports were used to demonstrate the supposed qualities and superiority of the Aryan race (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did China identify athletes with proper physique and skills?

<p>Sending out talent scouts to crisscross the country to find individuals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of mass state-sponsored doping in Modern Day Russia?

<p>It aided in institutional conspiracy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Soviet Union leverage a universal eight-hour day work schedule to bolster its athletic programs?

<p>By creating a culture of leisure time that facilitated mass participation in sports. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In contrast to its historical association with state-controlled sports, what is a contemporary focus for Canada's approach to sports?

<p>Canada's focus primarily gears towards elite athlete's and obtaining world-renowned success and recognition. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was the first ever winter Olympics, planned to take place during the time of the 1916 Olympics, cancelled?

<p>Because of the duration of the First World War. (WWI) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was live television coverage an ideal setting for the Nazi Germany Olympic Games of 1936?

<p>It showcased the Nazi regime and propaganda (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the Soviets plan on achieving by reducing work days to eight hours?

<p>By increasing leisure time to boost sports so athletes could win sporting events. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Arms Race

A competition between nations for superiority in weaponry, technology, or other areas.

Nationalism

Identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.

Soviet Russia and Sports

In the Soviet Union, sports were considered a tool for physical education, militaristic training and promoting communist values.

Soviet sports boom

Leisure time and accessible facilities contributed to a widespread passion for sports and physical fitness in the Soviet Union.

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"Triangle" theory in sports

The idea that the more people participate in sports, the more top-level athletes are produced.

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1936 Olympic Games

The Olympic Games were used to promote an image of a new, strong, and united Germany while masking the regime's targeting of Jews and Roma and Germany's growing militarism.

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Aryan Race

Superior, pure, master race. Pale skin, blond hair, blue eyed, who they thought had the most 'pure blood'.

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China's athletic system

A system in which promising youngsters were selected at a young age and sent to special state-sponsored training centers.

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Own the Podium

A Canadian sport funding program designed to help Canadian athletes achieve podium success at the Olympic and Paralympic Games.

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Modern Day Russia

Mass state-sponsored doping was present.

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Study Notes

  • Lesson 7 focuses on sports on a global scale
  • This lesson covers global sporting events and their impact on countries' social development
  • The potential drawbacks of global sporting events are explored

Lesson Topics

  • Rise of Nationalism
  • Sport for Change
  • Government promotion of Healthy Living
  • Homework

Homework

  • Read pages 54-58, and take notes on major themes like emergence of women and racial barriers
  • Questions to be addressed:
  • Does sport participation increase minority athlete assimilation compared to non-athlete peers?
  • Are there media representation differences between male and female athletes like traits, form, or press coverage?
  • What contributes to women's low sport participation?
  • Is there gender hegemony in sports, and why or why not?
  • How are kids socialized through sports?
  • How are sports and politics connected?
  • How does social class affect sport participation?
  • Why do some play golf while others lift weights?
  • Are the Olympics open to all, and is it truly democratic?

Arms Race

  • This is described as a competition between nations for superiority.
  • It includes weapons, nuclear arms (World War II-Cold War), technology (moon endeavors), and biological aspects.

Nationalism

  • Focuses on identification with one's nation and support for its interests, often to the detriment of other nations.

Sport and Nationalism

  • Sport and athletic achievement drive the modern Olympics and global sporting events like the World Cup
  • Superiority in sports can translate to perceived superiority in other areas

Soviet Russia

  • Physical education was seen as a necessary part of the communist education system for youth

  • The Soviet Olympic team was the dominant Olympic power of its time, securing first place in total medals at 14 of 18 appearances

  • Sports were of primary importance to the state

  • Hunting had obligations to Soviet society

  • The approach to training was militaristic

  • Before World War II, sports were used to build defense capabilities and develop individuals

  • Popularity grew for militaristic sports such as skiing, swimming, wrestling, and hunting

  • Sports were seen as a means to an end, to consolidate state power through mass training and indoctrination

  • Increased leisure time, passion for mass activity, and readily available facilities due to the eight-hour work day contributed to athletic success

  • Propaganda promoted physical fitness

  • The average citizen's withdrawal from political and economic problems added to the success

  • The triangle theory holds that a large base of participants creates a successful top level of athletes

Germany

  • The 1916 Olympics, scheduled for Berlin were canceled due to WWI

  • This included a planned first winter Olympics

  • The 1936 Berlin Olympics were used as propaganda by the Nazis

  • The Nazis promoted the idea of an Aryan race

Aryan Race

  • This was a race of superior, pure masters

  • They were pale-skinned, blond-haired, and blue-eyes.

  • They were believed to have natural superiority and dominance in all social, physical and mental aspects

  • The 1936 Olympic Games were the first to have live TV coverage, which they used for propaganda

  • Nazis promoted a new, strong, and united Germany

  • Their targeting of Jews and Roma was masked while emphasizing growing militarism.

  • Calls for boycotts emerged because of human rights abuses, but failed.

  • Germany had a propaganda coup, 49 nations legitimized the Hitler regime

Modern Day Russia

  • Mass state-sponsored doping has occurred
  • Over 1,000 Russian athletes across 30 sports benefited from an institutional doping conspiracy
  • Doping cover-up dates back to at least 2011
  • The IOC suspended the Russian Olympic Committee from the 2018 Winter Olympics
  • Athletes with no previous violations could compete under the Olympic Flag as "Olympic Athletes from Russia"

Modern Day China

  • China followed the Soviet model for athletic development
  • Young athletes are selected and trained in state-sponsored training centers and endure rigorous training programs and prepared for international competition
  • Scouts search the country for athletes with the right physique and skills

Canada: Own the Podium

  • Read section 2.5, pages 60-63
  • Take brief notes on the Canadian athletic model

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