Global Risk & Sustainable Development Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which factor has increased pressure on sustainable development more than in the past?

  • Increased deforestation rates
  • Population growth (correct)
  • Rise in global temperatures
  • Advancements in technology

    • What challenge exists in defining needs across different times and spaces?

  • The necessity to adapt to varying societal conditions (correct)
  • Uniformity in needs among all cultures
  • Permanent needs that do not change
  • Inherent needs that affect only certain demographics

    • How did the environmental decisions in the Serenissima Republic impact current forestry?

  • Significant depletion of local forests (correct)
  • Restoration of biodiversity in urban areas
  • Increased reforestation efforts throughout Italy
  • Development of sustainable logging practices

    • Which type of product requires that companies invest resources to defend its leading position?

    <p>Star</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes features classified as 'must-be' attributes?

    <p>Their absence causes significant dissatisfaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Boston Consulting Group Matrix, which product type is characterized by having potential for growth but is currently not well positioned?

    <p>Question mark</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which attribute type reflects features that cause customer satisfaction when absent?

    <p>Reverse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a cash cow in the market?

    <p>It is a low-growth product with a strong market share.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does diversification in business refer to?

    <p>Offering a range of different types of products across various markets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which product type in the BCG matrix typically leads to divestment due to lack of profitability?

    <p>Dog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'indifferent' refer to in customer attributes?

    <p>Aspects that neither satisfy nor dissatisfy customers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the marketing mix primarily focus on?

    <p>Creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which era of marketing emphasized the importance of understanding customer needs?

    <p>Marketing concept era</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of organizations in marketing?

    <p>They facilitate bidirectional information flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change occurred during the sales era in marketing?

    <p>Businesses had to provide reasons for customers to buy from them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the customer relationship era of marketing?

    <p>It emphasizes ongoing understanding of customer experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which marketing era was the primary concern related to producing a large quantity of goods?

    <p>Production era</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does marketing influence small businesses compared to big corporations?

    <p>Everyone involved with customers is part of marketing efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does pricing play in the marketing mix?

    <p>It influences consumer perception and purchasing decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does high differentiation of a product usually indicate?

    <p>It is very different from other products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pricing method focuses primarily on a company's own production costs?

    <p>Cost-based pricing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario is competitor-oriented pricing particularly important?

    <p>When products are nearly identical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of marketing pricing?

    <p>To consider customers' needs and perceived value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the skimming pricing strategy suggest?

    <p>High initial prices will eventually lead to brand loyalty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does experimentation in marketing pricing aim to determine?

    <p>The willingness to pay through different pricing in similar demographics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of trade-off analysis in marketing pricing?

    <p>To determine customer preferences among various product attributes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pricing strategy aims to introduce a new product at a low price?

    <p>Market penetration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary advantage of viral marketing for companies?

    <p>It is a cost-effective way to distribute video content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common challenge associated with viral marketing?

    <p>Estimating how many people will engage with the content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a requirement for applying viral marketing?

    <p>Large budget for advertisements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does ambient marketing differ from viral marketing in terms of audience reach?

    <p>Ambient marketing has a more controlled audience reach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of neuromarketing?

    <p>Detecting consumer behavior through brain activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is neuromarketing not classified as a type of unconventional marketing?

    <p>It is more concerned with data collection than marketing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a typical outcome of ambient marketing?

    <p>High brand recall due to memorable advertisements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might consumers be more likely to prefer in terms of taste, despite CocaCola's popularity?

    <p>Pepsi, when they are unaware of the brand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Global Risk & Sustainable Development

    • Climate change is considered the biggest threat to industrial sectors and nations by economists.
    • Sustainable development aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs.
    • The Maslow pyramid illustrates different types of needs: basic needs (food, water, shelter) and sophisticated needs.
    • Unsustainable development has been a problem since ancient times, as exemplified by the Serenissima Republic's impact on the environment.
    • Population growth, industrialization, and post-industrialization have significantly increased pressure on the environment.

    Marketing Dynamics

    • Modern marketing involves creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.
    • The marketing mix consists of product, price, process, and promotion.
    • Organizations are bidirectional, allowing information to flow between different levels and departments.
    • There are four distinct eras of marketing: Production era, Sales era, Marketing concept era, and Customer Relationship era.

    Customer Perception and Needs

    • Must-be: Essential features expected by customers (absence leads to dissatisfaction).
    • Attractive: Features that enhance satisfaction but are not crucial.
    • One-dimensional: Features highly valued by customers, leading to disappointment if absent.
    • Indifferent: Features that have no significant impact on customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction.
    • Reverse: Features that lead to satisfaction when absent but frustration when present.

    Diversification and Business Strategy

    • Diversification involves producing different types of products for various markets.
    • Large companies often diversify to mitigate risks and ensure sustainability.
    • The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix visualizes different business positions:
      • Question Mark: Products with potential but in an uncertain market.
      • Star: Products leading the market and requiring investment to maintain dominance.
      • Cash Cow: Mature products with a declining market, generating profits that can be reinvested.
      • Dog: Products with low market share in a declining market, often requiring divestiture.

    Pricing Strategies

    • Cost-based pricing: Calculates production costs and adds a markup for profit.
    • Competitor-oriented pricing: Considers competitors' pricing strategies to determine the optimal price.
    • Marketing pricing: Focuses on customer needs and perceived value, considering willingness to pay.
      • Experimentation: Testing different prices in similar markets to optimize profitability.
      • Trade-off analysis: Analyzing customer preferences for different product features and combinations to determine the most profitable pricing strategy.

    New Product Pricing Strategies

    • Skimming: Launching a product at a high price to create a perception of quality and maximize initial profits.
    • Market Penetration: Introducing a product at a low price to gain market share and encourage widespread adoption.

    Unconventional Marketing

    • Viral marketing: Targeting consumers through online sharing and social media, leveraging the power of word-of-mouth.
    • Ambient marketing: Integrating marketing messages into everyday environments, catching consumers off-guard.
    • Neuromarketing: Analyzing brain responses to marketing stimuli to understand consumer preferences and behaviors.

    Neuromarketing and Consumer Behaviour

    • Neuromarketing is not a type of marketing itself but a tool for understanding consumer behavior.
    • It involves using brain imaging, biophysiological, and behavioral tools to track brain activity.
    • Neuromarketing results can be applied to both conventional and unconventional marketing strategies.
    • Studies show unconscious preferences, for example, Coca-Cola's familiar brand evokes feelings of tradition and unity.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on global risks related to climate change and the principles of sustainable development. Explore concepts like the Maslow pyramid and historical examples of unsustainable practices. Understand the impact of industrialization on our environment and future generations.

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