Global Issues and Key Players

Study Notes

WHO: The World Health Organization, a specialized agency of the United Nations that focuses on public health issues.
NATO: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a military alliance formed in 1949 to counter Soviet influence and aggression.
Nelson Mandela: A South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist who served as the first black president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

Issue: A problem or topic that has social, political, or ecological significance.
Current global issues: The ongoing conflicts in Sudan, Palestine/Gaza/Israel/Lebanon/Iran, and Ukraine are all examples of global issues that have serious humanitarian implications.

Sudan Crisis: The conflict in Sudan is a complex humanitarian crisis involving the government of Sudan, various armed rebel groups, and international actors.
Palestine/Gaza/Israel/Lebanon/Iran: This region faces ongoing conflict, with tensions stemming from historical disputes, territorial claims, and ideological differences.
Ukraine: The ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine since 2022 has caused significant geopolitical instability and humanitarian suffering.
Mary Simon: The first Indigenous Governor General of Canada, appointed in 2021.
Women's Rights in Afghanistan: Following the Taliban's takeover of Afghanistan in 2021, concerns about restrictions on women's rights have escalated due to the Taliban's ideology.

Factors contributing to unequal development: Poverty, lack of education, limited access to healthcare, political instability, and environmental degradation are some of the main causes of countries experiencing uneven development.
Strategies for improving development status: Investing in education, infrastructure, and healthcare; promoting sustainable development practices; fostering good governance and political stability are essential for nations to advance their development.

Kenya's population growth: Kenya's rapid population growth, coupled with youth dominance, has resulted in a "demographic dividend." This phenomenon means that, as the population ages, there is a window of opportunity for economic growth as a larger, more productive workforce emerges.

Sexist implications: India's population control methods have been criticized for their sexist implications, as they often target women and their reproductive choices.

North/South Model: A simple model that divides the world into two groups: the economically developed "North" and the less developed "South." The "North" is largely comprised of countries in the developed world, primarily in the Northern Hemisphere.
Developed/Underdeveloped Model: This model classifies countries as either "developed" or "underdeveloped" based on a range of factors like GDP, education levels, and living standards.
Five World Model: A model that divides the world into five categories: the Core (highly developed nations), the Semi-Periphery (nations with mixed levels of development), the Periphery (less developed nations), the Fourth World (nations experiencing significant human rights violations and poverty), and the Fifth World (nations experiencing the lowest levels of development and societal well-being).

Eight types of Media Bias: Confirmation bias, framing, selection bias, anecdotal evidence, false equivalency, bandwagon effect, bias by omission, and emotional appeals.