Glenohumeral Joint Anatomy Quiz

Glenohumeral Joint Anatomy

• Structure

  • The glenohumeral joint is a ball-and-socket joint.
  • Formed by the articulation of the humeral head (ball) and the glenoid cavity of the scapula (socket).

• Surrounding Anatomy

  • Capsule: A fibrous joint capsule surrounds the joint, providing stability.
  • Labrum: The glenoid labrum is a fibrocartilaginous rim that deepens the socket, enhancing stability.

• Ligaments

  • Glenohumeral Ligaments: Three ligaments (superior, middle, inferior) that reinforce the joint capsule.
  • Coracohumeral Ligament: Connects the coracoid process of the scapula to the humerus, adds support.
  • Transverse Humeral Ligament: Spans over the bicipital groove, stabilizing the long head of the biceps tendon.

• Muscles

  • Rotator Cuff Muscles: Four muscles (subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor) stabilize and allow movement.
  • Deltoid Muscle: Major mover of the shoulder, responsible for shoulder abduction.

• Bursa

  • Subacromial Bursa: Reduces friction between the deltoid muscle and the rotator cuff tendons under the acromion process.
  • Subcoracoid Bursa: Located under the coracoid process, aids in reducing friction.

• Movement

  • Allows a wide range of motion: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation, and circumduction.

• Nerve Supply

  • Innervated primarily by the axillary nerve and suprascapular nerve.

• Blood Supply

  • Supplied by branches of the subclavian artery, brachial artery, and posterior humeral circumflex artery.

Glenohumeral Joint Anatomy

• The glenohumeral joint is a ball-and-socket joint formed by the articulation of the humeral head (ball) and the glenoid cavity of the scapula (socket).
• The joint capsule, surrounding the joint, provides stability.
• The glenoid labrum, a fibrocartilaginous rim, deepens the socket and enhances stability.
• Glenohumeral Ligaments (superior, middle, inferior) reinforce the joint capsule.
• The Coracohumeral Ligament connects the coracoid process of the scapula to the humerus, adding support.
• The Transverse Humeral Ligament spans over the bicipital groove, stabilizing the long head of the biceps tendon.
• The Rotator Cuff Muscles (subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor) stabilize and allow movement.
• The Deltoid Muscle is responsible for shoulder abduction.
• The Subacromial Bursa and Subcoracoid Bursa reduce friction in the shoulder.
• The glenohumeral joint allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation, and circumduction.
• The axillary nerve and suprascapular nerve innervate the joint.
• The subclavian artery, brachial artery, and posterior humeral circumflex artery supply blood to the joint.

Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the glenohumeral joint, a key structure in shoulder mobility. This quiz covers the location and function of important components such as ligaments, muscles, and the surrounding anatomy. Challenge yourself to identify the roles of each part in maintaining shoulder stability and function.