Glass Ionomer Cements: Best Practices
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What is the main reason for minimal tooth substance removal when preparing for a Glass Ionomer cement restoration?

  • To avoid the need for undercuts.
  • To facilitate better adhesion to sclerotic dentin.
  • To preserve as much healthy tooth structure as possible. (correct)
  • To enhance the aesthetic appearance of the restoration.

    • Which of the following is NOT a recommended practice for isolating the operative field when using GICs?

  • Ensuring blood and saliva do not contaminate the working area.
  • Using a rubber dam for complete isolation.
  • Conducting a thorough drying of the area before application.
  • Allowing slight moisture to remain for enhanced adhesion. (correct)

    • What consideration should be taken into account when preparing dentin surfaces for GIC placement in terms of surface quality?

  • Only freshly exposed dentin from caries removal requires cleaning. (correct)
  • Opening of dentinal tubules is necessary for optimal bonding.
  • Sclerotic dentin should be treated less rigorously than carious dentin.
  • All types of dentin should undergo extensive roughening to maximize adhesion.

    • What material is recommended for lining deep cavities that involve micro-exposure of the pulp prior to GIC placement?

    <p>Calcium hydroxide lining.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical factor during the dispensing and mixing of the powder-liquid systems for GICs?

    <p>Excess powder should be removed before mixing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it suggested to avoid bevelled cavo-surface margins when using Glass Ionomer cements?

    <p>They compromise the bond strength of the restoration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided to maintain the integrity of the filling material during insertion, setting, and finishing?

    <p>Contamination with saliva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time frame for performing final finishing on GICs?

    <p>After 24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT recommended during the finishing of glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>Using abrasive discs with water spray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of varnish is considered less permeable and soluble for protecting GIC restorations?

    <p>Polyurethane varnish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant advantage of using glass-ionomer cements over composite materials?

    <p>Better fluoride protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key issue observed in many early studies of GICs regarding restoration techniques?

    <p>Inconsistent powder-to-liquid ratios were used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an effective sealing agent for GICs but may create a small ledge at the gingival margin?

    <p>Light-activated enamel bonding resins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is critical to avoid during trimming of excess GIC material?

    <p>Trimming towards the tooth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue when finishing GICs too early, specifically at the 8-minute mark?

    <p>Surface finish is notably poor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenarios are GICs primarily used?

    <p>As luting agents for metal restorations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cement is significantly greater than that of standard Glass-Ionomer Cement?

    <p>Compressive strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary disadvantage of incorporating HEMA in Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cement?

    <p>Cytotoxic effects on pulp tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the setting mechanism of Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cement primarily differ from standard Glass-Ionomer Cement?

    <p>It involves light activation for rapid setting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cement have in its application compared to traditional Glass-Ionomer Cement?

    <p>Stronger bond without surface etching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is crucial for the composition of Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cement?

    <p>Hydrophilic monomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate diametral tensile strength of Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cement?

    <p>37 MPa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does a redox reaction curing process benefit Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cement?

    <p>Allows for rapid setting without light exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily influences the unique handling properties of Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cement?

    <p>Amount and type of resin incorporated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the setting time of Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cement?

    <p>20 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What manages to improve the resistance to acid attack in Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cements?

    <p>Incorporation of resin chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of new RMGICs compared to traditional GICs?

    <p>Superior mechanical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company launched the product Ketac Nano?

    <p>3M/ESPE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is currently a key limitation of nano-ionomer cements in dental applications?

    <p>Limited commercial availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which specific dental applications are resin composites preferred over RMGICs?

    <p>High-stress-bearing situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a suggested future potential benefit of using nanotechnology in GICs?

    <p>Improved wear resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant advancement introduced alongside GICs in restorative dentistry?

    <p>Condensable GICs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What represents a significant improvement of modern GICs over the original ASPA cements?

    <p>Improved mechanical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common property associated with the latest RMGICs?

    <p>Limited adhesive capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best contrasts RMGICs with resin composites in high-stress dental situations?

    <p>Resin composites have superior performance in high-stress areas compared to RMGICs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of silver cermets used in dental materials?

    <p>Glass and silver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the significant disadvantages of resin-modified glass-ionomer cements (GICs)?

    <p>Short working time and low toughness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components contributes to the whitening effect in silver cermets?

    <p>Titanium dioxide (Ti₂O)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor limits the use of silver cermets in larger multiple surface restorations?

    <p>Potential wear problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the manufactured liquid component in silver cermets?

    <p>Aqueous solution of a copolymer of acrylic and/or maleic acid and tartaric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the short working time associated with resin-modified GICs?

    <p>Rapid polymerization during setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical particle size of silver in silver cermets?

    <p>3-4 µm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of restoration has performance expectations not met in silver cermets?

    <p>Occlusal restorations in deciduous teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is often used improperly to refer to resin-modified glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>Hybrid GICs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What commercial product is associated with the manufacturer Dentsply?

    <p>CHEMFLEX</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Summary

    • Glass-ionomer cements (GICs) have significantly improved restorative dentistry.
    • New formulations (resin-modified GICs, or RMGIcs) offer superior properties compared to original GICs.
    • RMGIcs offer improved properties, especially in high-stress restorations and posterior teeth.
    • Clinical significance suggests that more improvements can be expected.

    Further Reading

    • Billingstion, et al (1990) - Studied variations in powder-liquid ratio of a glass-ionomer restorative material.
    • Dent Mater 17(5) (2001) - Examined bond strength of glass-ionomer
    • Kilpatrick, et al (1995) - Investigated the use of reinforced glass-ionomer for clinical trials.
    • Nicholson, et al (2003) - Studied the interaction of glass-ionomer with water.
    • Peumans,et al (2005) - Performed a systematic review of contemporary adhesives.
    • Chen, et al (2003) - Investigated interaction of biological hydroryapatite proteins with glass-ionomer cement.
    • Espel, et al (1999) - Studied clinical behaviour of glass-ionomer restorations.
    • Inoue, et al (2001) - Examined the effect of conditioners on micro-tensile wear resistance.
    • Smal, et al (2004) - Examined longevity of a resin-modified glass
    • Wilson and Kent (1972) - Discovered a new translucent cement.
    • Dent Mater. 21(8) (2004) - Review of current clinical trials.

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    Description

    This quiz tests your knowledge on the best practices for using Glass Ionomer Cements (GIC) in dental restorations. It covers essential topics like tooth preparation, isolation techniques, and finishing methods. Enhance your understanding of the critical factors that impact GIC usage.

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