Podcast
Questions and Answers
What percentage of the Earth's land was covered by glaciers during the most recent Ice Age?
What percentage of the Earth's land was covered by glaciers during the most recent Ice Age?
The Earth's average surface temperature has decreased over the last 100 years.
The Earth's average surface temperature has decreased over the last 100 years.
False
What natural phenomenon do glaciers slow down in the water cycle?
What natural phenomenon do glaciers slow down in the water cycle?
the passage of water
The area of land that drains into a body of water such as a river or lake is called a ______.
The area of land that drains into a body of water such as a river or lake is called a ______.
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Match the following drainage basins with their respective locations:
Match the following drainage basins with their respective locations:
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What percentage of Earth's water is freshwater?
What percentage of Earth's water is freshwater?
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All of the freshwater on Earth is easily accessible for human use.
All of the freshwater on Earth is easily accessible for human use.
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What is the main driving force behind the water cycle?
What is the main driving force behind the water cycle?
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Ocean water is more ___ than freshwater due to its salt content.
Ocean water is more ___ than freshwater due to its salt content.
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Match the following sources of fresh water with their characteristics:
Match the following sources of fresh water with their characteristics:
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Which of the following factors affects runoff?
Which of the following factors affects runoff?
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The freezing point of fresh water is -1.9°C.
The freezing point of fresh water is -1.9°C.
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Name one method used to access groundwater.
Name one method used to access groundwater.
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Study Notes
Grade 8 Science: Unit 1 - Water Systems on Earth, Chapter 1
- The unit focuses on Earth's water systems
- Various images are included, such as the Churchill River, a large ocean wave, and a diagram of the water cycle.
Water Distribution
- Earth's water is primarily saline (97%) and found in oceans.
- Freshwater accounts for 3% of Earth's water.
- Most of the freshwater is frozen in ice caps and glaciers (68.7%).
- A small portion of freshwater is found in groundwater (30.1%).
- Rivers, lakes, and swamps make up a small portion of freshwater (2%, 87%, and 11%, respectively).
- Only 1% of Earth's freshwater is readily available for use.
Uses of Water
- Water is used for household purposes.
- Water is used for personal needs.
- Water is used for recreational activities.
The Water Cycle
- A continuous process.
- Driven by the sun's energy.
- Water in the ocean evaporates and condenses into clouds.
- Water falls back to Earth as precipitation (rain or snow).
- Some precipitation soaks into the ground as groundwater.
- Some precipitation runs off the surface as runoff.
Water Properties (Ocean Water vs. Fresh Water)
-
Salinity: The amount of dissolved salt in a specific amount of water.
- Ocean water has a higher salinity (average 35 parts per thousand) than fresh water.
- Salt comes from dissolved solids in the ground and volcanic activity.
-
Density: The amount of mass in a unit volume.
- Ocean water is denser than fresh water due to its higher salt content.
-
Freezing Point: The temperature at which a liquid turns to a solid.
- Fresh water freezes at 0°C.
- Salt water freezes at -1.9°C.
Sources of Fresh Water
- Lakes, ponds, and wetlands
- Streams and rivers
- Groundwater: Precipitation that soaks into the ground.
- Glaciers: Moving bodies of snow and ice in cold areas.
- Drainage basins (watersheds): Areas of land that drain into a body of water (e.g. a river, lake or ocean)
Core Lab Activities
- "Salinity's Effect on Water Density"
- "Temperature & Water Density"
Effects of Global Warming on Glaciers
- In the last 100 years, the average surface temperature has increased by 0.5°C.
- The world's glaciers are melting at a faster rate.
- Glaciers store vast amounts of water, and their melting contributes to rising sea levels.
Impact of Glacier Melt
- Rising ocean water levels
- Flooding in river systems
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Description
Test your knowledge on glaciers, freshwater, and the water cycle with this quiz. Explore key concepts such as the impact of glaciers on land and how freshwater is distributed on Earth. Challenge yourself with matching questions and factual statements!
