Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes an interglacial period?
Which of the following best describes an interglacial period?
- A period characterized by continuous glacial expansion without retreat.
- A period with no permanent ice on Earth's surface.
- A period when ice spreads far south from the North Pole and north from the South Pole.
- A period of warmth where there is permanent ice close to the North and South Poles. (correct)
The Earth is currently in a glacial period.
The Earth is currently in a glacial period.
False (B)
What is the name of the instrument scientists use to extract core samples from a peat bog?
What is the name of the instrument scientists use to extract core samples from a peat bog?
auger
During glacial periods, ice spreads much further ______ from the North Pole and further ______ from the South Pole.
During glacial periods, ice spreads much further ______ from the North Pole and further ______ from the South Pole.
Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:
Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:
What evidence found in California suggests the area was once covered by glaciers?
What evidence found in California suggests the area was once covered by glaciers?
Scientists can determine past climate conditions by analyzing pollen found in different layers of peat bogs.
Scientists can determine past climate conditions by analyzing pollen found in different layers of peat bogs.
What evidence might scientists find on rock surfaces to suggest they were once covered by glaciers?
What evidence might scientists find on rock surfaces to suggest they were once covered by glaciers?
Glaciers are rivers of ______ that move slowly downhill.
Glaciers are rivers of ______ that move slowly downhill.
What does the term 'glacial' mean?
What does the term 'glacial' mean?
Flashcards
Glacial Period
Glacial Period
A very cold period when much of the Earth was frozen.
Interglacial Period
Interglacial Period
A period between glacial periods, with less ice coverage than glacial periods.
Ice Ages
Ice Ages
Long periods of time with alternating glacial and interglacial periods.
Glaciers
Glaciers
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Auger
Auger
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Peat Bog Layers
Peat Bog Layers
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Pollen Evidence
Pollen Evidence
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Study Notes
- The very cold period when Yuka lived lasted until about 10,000 years ago.
Glacial Period
- Characterized by a significant portion of the Earth being frozen.
- The term 'glacial' means 'frozen'.
Interglacial Period
- The Earth is currently in an interglacial period.
- 'Inter' signifies 'between'.
Climate Cycles
- Over the past 450,000 years, Earth's climate has cycled between glacial and interglacial periods.
- During interglacial periods, permanent ice exists near the North and South Poles.
- In glacial periods, ice spreads further south from the North Pole and further north from the South Pole.
Ice Ages
- Scientists discovered that the cycle of glacial and interglacial periods hasn't always happened.
- There were extended warm periods with no permanent ice, even at the poles.
- Cold periods containing glacials and interglacials occurred between these warm periods; these cold periods are known as ice ages.
- It is estimated the second ice age began around 850 million years ago and was the coldest.
Evidence of Past Glaciers
- Boulders in unusual positions in California suggest they were carried by ancient glaciers.
- Glaciers are slow-moving rivers of ice formed from compressed snow that carry rocks.
- Scratches on rock surfaces indicate ice movement.
- Fossils of cold-adapted animals and plants in warmer regions support the past presence of glaciers.
Pollen Evidence
- Peat bogs preserve layers representing different historical periods.
- Deeper peat layers are older.
- Scientists use augers to extract peat core samples.
Pollen Analysis
- Pollen from peat cores can used to identify past plant life and climate conditions.
- A soil core from a New Zealand peat bog dating back 127,000 years helped scientists understand past climate.
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