Questions and Answers
What does the World Trade Organization (WTO) deal with?
What is globalization?
The joining of regional societies, economies, and cultures through international trade, transportation, and communication.
What significant event occurred at Tiananmen Square?
The suppression of Chinese democrats by the PLA.
Who was Mikhail Gorbachev?
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What was the Berlin Wall?
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What was the Velvet Revolution?
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Who was Boris Yeltsin?
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Who was Nelson Mandela?
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What does apartheid refer to?
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Who was Manuel Antonio Noriega?
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Who was Bill Clinton?
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What is social liberalism?
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What is deindustrialization?
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Who is Pat Buchanan?
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Who is Ross Perot?
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Who was Janet Reno?
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Who was Ruth Bader Ginsburg?
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What is the Earned Income Tax Credit?
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What does NAFTA stand for?
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What are Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)?
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What is the 'Contract with America'?
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What was the Telecommunications Act?
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What is AFDC?
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What does 'triangulation' refer to in politics?
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What were the Oslo Accords?
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What is ethnic cleansing?
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Who was Timothy McVeigh?
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What is shock therapy?
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What are 'Dot Coms'?
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What does NASDAQ refer to?
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What is the 'Rebellion of Particularisms'?
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Who are Latinos?
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Who was Cesar Chavez?
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What was the ruling in Patterson v McLean Credit Union?
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What is the 'Prison-industrial Complex'?
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What are 'prison orphans'?
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Who was Rodney King?
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What is the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)?
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What is AIDS?
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What does multiculturalism emphasize?
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What was Proposition 187?
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What is 'The Bell Curve' about?
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What is the Christian Coalition?
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What is the Defense of Marriage Act?
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What was the Casey v Planned Parenthood of Pennsylvania decision?
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What was the Whitewater affair?
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Who was Paula Jones?
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Who was Monica Lewinsky?
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What was Bush v. Gore?
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Who is Ralph Nader?
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Study Notes
World Trade Organization
- WTO: global organization regulating international trade rules between nations.
- Faced significant protests from anti-globalization activists during the 1999 Seattle protests.
Globalization
- Integration of regional societies, economies, and cultures via trade, communication, and transportation.
- Benefits American consumers through access to diverse products at lower prices from abroad.
Tiananmen Square
- Incident where the Chinese government suppressed pro-democracy demonstrators.
- Resulted in widespread condemnation from Western nations, including the U.S.
Mikhail Gorbachev
- Key Soviet leader who played a significant role in ending the Cold War.
- Introduced major reforms in Soviet foreign and domestic policies.
Berlin Wall
- Divided West and East Berlin until 1989 after WWII.
- Represented the broader division between East and West during the Cold War.
Velvet Revolution
- Nonviolent political transition from communism to democracy in Czechoslovakia at the end of 1989.
Boris Yeltsin
- First President of the Russian Federation from 1991 to 1999.
- His tenure marked by severe corruption, economic instability, and declining popularity.
Nelson Mandela
- Anti-apartheid revolutionary and first democratically elected president of South Africa in 1994.
Apartheid
- System of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa.
Manuel Antonio Noriega
- Leader of Panama's Defense Forces, arrested and convicted for drug-related charges.
- Previously collaborated with the CIA during the Bush administration.
Bill Clinton
- First Democratic president elected since Jimmy Carter with a focus on domestic issues.
- Involved in the Whitewater real estate controversy leading to inquiries.
Social Liberalism
- Ideology advocating for individual liberty alongside social justice.
- Supports market economies and the expansion of civil rights, while allowing government intervention in economic matters.
Deindustrialization
- Shift of industrial jobs to regions with cheaper labor, leading to increased unemployment and a greater reliance on a service economy.
Pat Buchanan
- Conservative commentator and political figure known for his challenge to Bush in the Republican primaries.
- Associated with controversial cultural positions.
Ross Perot
- Notable third-party candidate and billionaire who focused on reducing U.S. debt, influencing the electoral outcome in 1992.
Janet Reno
- First female Attorney General of the United States.
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
- Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, nominated by Bill Clinton in 1993.
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
- Refundable tax credit aimed at low- to moderate-income workers, particularly those with children.
NAFTA
- North American Free Trade Agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the U.S., creating a trilateral trade bloc.
HMOs
- Health Maintenance Organizations that provide a range of medical services following a predetermined fee structure.
Contract with America
- Republican pledge during the 1994 congressional elections emphasizing fiscal responsibility and congressional reform.
Telecommunications Act
- Deregulated broadcasting and telecommunication sectors, affecting digital frequency allocation and internet regulation.
AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children)
- Federal program providing financial assistance to children in low-income families, operational until 1996.
Triangulation
- Bill Clinton's political strategy of adopting popular Republican policies while marginalizing extreme positions.
Oslo Accords
- Agreement facilitating Palestinian self-rule in Gaza Strip and West Bank, negotiated between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization.
Ethnic Cleansing
- The forcible removal of a less powerful ethnic group by a more dominant one to create a homogeneous region.
Timothy McVeigh
- Convicted domestic terrorist responsible for the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995, using a truck filled with explosives.
Shock Therapy
- Treatment approach for mental conditions involving inducing physiological shock or electroconvulsive therapy.
Dot Coms
- Companies primarily operating through the Internet, notable for the speculative tech bubble that peaked in the late 1990s.
NASDAQ
- Electronic exchange for buying and selling stocks, highlighting the shift towards digital trading platforms.
Rebellion of Particularisms
- Increased focus on group identities and demands for recognition among diverse communities.
Latinos
- Individuals of Latin American origin or descent, represented a significant demographic in the U.S.
Cesar Chavez
- Labor leader advocating for agricultural worker rights and co-founder of the United Farm Workers union, focusing on nonviolent protest.
Patterson v McLean Credit Union
- Supreme Court ruling limiting the ability of employees to sue for racial harassment under the Civil Rights Act of 1866.
Prison-Industrial Complex
- System promoting increased incarceration and prison construction driven by political, economic, and bureaucratic interests.
Prison Orphans
- Children whose parents are incarcerated, often placed in the care of relatives or foster homes.
Rodney King
- Taxi driver whose brutal beating by LAPD officers highlighted racial tensions in the U.S. following televised footage of the incident.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
- Discrimination prohibition against individuals with disabilities in employment and public access, enacted in 1991.
AIDS
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome epidemic that began in the 1970s, initially impacting specific populations but later affecting broader demographics.
Multiculturalism
- Emphasizes the importance of preserving diverse cultural identities rather than forcing assimilation into a single national culture.
Proposition 187
- 1994 initiative in California aimed at restricting services to undocumented immigrants, igniting significant debate over immigration policy.
The Bell Curve
- Controversial book discussing racial differences in IQ and attributing those differences to genetic factors, sparking widespread debate.
The Christian Coalition
- Movement initiated by Pat Robertson advocating for Christian conservative values and opposing federal interference in local matters.
Defense of Marriage Act
- Federal law defining marriage as a union between one man and one woman, allowing states to refuse recognition of same-sex marriages.
Casey v Planned Parenthood of Pennsylvania
- Supreme Court ruling upholding several abortion regulations while overturning spousal notification requirements.
Whitewater
- Controversial real estate dealings involving Bill Clinton prior to his presidency, leading to accusations of financial impropriety.
Paula Jones
- Former state employee whose sexual harassment lawsuit against Bill Clinton became a central issue in the impeachment proceedings.
Monica Lewinsky
- Quick sketch of scandal involving Bill Clinton, noted for her relationship with him during her time at the White House and the infamous blue dress incident.
Bush v Gore
- Supreme Court case determining the outcome of the controversial 2000 presidential election, confirming George W. Bush as president.
Ralph Nader
- Environmental and social welfare advocate known for his critique of consumer safety in automobiles and promoting progressive policies.
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Explore key concepts from Chapter 27 of 'Give Me Liberty'. This quiz includes important terms related to globalization and international trade, emphasizing their impact on societies. Perfect for students looking to solidify their understanding of these critical themes.