Gingivitis & Periodontitis introduction

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Questions and Answers

What is a key clinical feature of healthy gingiva?

  • Red and swollen appearance
  • Presence of bleeding upon probing
  • Uniform pink color (correct)
  • Shiny and stretched texture

What is the meaning of the suffix 'itis'?

  • Discoloration
  • Hardening
  • Inflammation (correct)
  • Deformation

What periodontal condition involves bacterial infection confined to the gingiva?

  • Periodontitis
  • Dental caries
  • Impacted teeth
  • Gingivitis (correct)

What is a common symptom of gingivitis that a patient might notice?

<p>Bleeding gums while brushing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What periodontal condition is defined by irreversible destruction?

<p>Periodontitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical probing depth range in healthy gingiva?

<p>1 to 3 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical appearance of the margin of healthy gingiva?

<p>Slightly coronal to the CEJ, scalloped (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a typical texture of healthy gingiva?

<p>Smooth and/or stippled (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the gingival margin in gingivitis?

<p>Coronal to CEJ (due to swelling) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In gingivitis, the Interdental Papilla (IDP) exhibits which shape?

<p>Rounded, blunted &amp; bulbous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a healthy state, what supports the Junctional Epithelium (JE)?

<p>Supragingival fiber bundles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes an increased pocket depth in gingivitis without apical migration of the JE?

<p>False pocket (pseudopocket) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes gingival consistency in gingivitis?

<p>Spongy, loose, boggy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the gingival texture in gingivitis?

<p>Shiny, stretched (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the position of the Junctional Epithelium (JE) during gingivitis?

<p>JE extends epithelial ridges into connective tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What periodontal condition involves apical migration of the Junctional Epithelium (JE)?

<p>Periodontitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of periodontal pocket is associated with periodontitis?

<p>True pocket (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of the gingival contour observed in periodontitis?

<p>MG - swollen or fibrotic – loss of knife edge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the level of the gingival margin in relation to the CEJ (cementoenamel junction) in periodontitis?

<p>Apical to the CEJ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What word describes that some tissue is bluish/purplish?

<p>Oedematous (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Within periodontitis, what tissue is permanently affected?

<p>Alveolar bone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key histological feature distinguishing gingivitis from healthy gingiva?

<p>Reversible damage to supragingival fiber bundles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the alveolar bone to a patient with gingivitis?

<p>No change (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of gingival fibres occur in gingivitis?

<p>Damaged gingival fibres (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to the junctional epithelium during periodontitis?

<p>Apical migration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pocket indicates periodontitis?

<p>True pocket (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the position of the MG regarding the teeth during healthy times?

<p>Meets the teeth in a tapered or slightly rounded edge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appearance of healthy interdental papilla (IDP)?

<p>Pointed and fills space between teeth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a characteristic of healthy gingiva?

<p>Bleeding upon probing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which texture is NOT associated with a healthy clinical picture of gingiva?

<p>Shiny (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor would not cause texture to stipple?

<p>Pockets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is bleeding associated with?

<p>Bad Health (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best description of a patient with gingivitis?

<p>Reversible damage to supragingival fiber bundles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a general probing depth of periodontitis?

<p>4mm+ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which choice is NOT as stable mouth?

<blockquote> <p>10% (C)</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Gingivitis

Inflammation of the gingiva, confined to the gums.

Periodontitis

Bacterial infection affecting all parts of the periodontium.

Healthy gingiva color and contour

Uniform pink, meets tooth w/ tapered edge.

Gingivitis: contour

Marginal gingiva meets tooth in a rolled and thickened edge and IDP is rounded or bulbous.

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Periodontitis: Contour

Loss of knife edge, swollen or fibrotic.

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Gingivitis: consistency

Spongy, loose, boggy.

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Periodontitis: Consistency

Spongy or fibrotic.

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Healthy gingiva texture

Smooth or Stippled.

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Gingivitis: Texture

Shiny, stretched.

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Periodontitis: Texture

Shiny or Nodular.

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Healthy gingiva bleeding

No bleeding upon probing.

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Gingivitis: Bleeding

Bleeding on Probing.

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Periodontitis: Bleeding

Bleeding and supporation.

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Healthy gingiva: Margin

Slightly coronal to CEJ.

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Gingivitis: Margin

Coronal to CEJ due to swelling.

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Periodontitis: Margin

Below the CEJ.

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Healthy Gingiva: Histology

JE firm hemidesmosome attachment to enamel coronal to CEJ and Intact supragingival fibre bundles.

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Gingivitis: Histology

JE extends epithelial ridges into connective tissue and Reversible damage to supragingival fibre bundles.

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Periodontitis: Histology

Apical to CEJ with attachment on Cementum and Destruction of fibres and bone. Permanent destruction due to epithelial growth preventing reinsertion.

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Healthy gingiva: Probing depth

Range 1 to 3mm.

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Gingivitis: Epithelium

JE still attached to enamel coronal to CEJ.

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Gingivitis: Pocketing

Due to Gingival enlargement swelling in acute or fibrosis in chronic.

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False Pocket

Increased pocket depth caused by enlarged tissue no apical migration of JE so not TRUE pocket.

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Periodontitis: Pocketing

Formation of TRUE pocket Increased probing depth (4mm+).

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True Pocket

Increased pocket depth caused by apical migration of JE so TRUE pocket.

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Study Notes

  • Introduction to Gingivitis & Periodontitis by Mariya Mahmood

Learning Outcomes

  • Describe the clinical features of healthy gingiva, gingivitis & periodontitis
  • Explain the basic histological presentation of healthy gingiva, gingivitis & periodontitis
  • Define 'false pocketing', 'true pocketing' and 'clinical attachment loss'
  • Explain symptoms that the patient may experience with gingivitis and periodontitis.
  • Explain the differences between gingivitis and periodontitis

Safe Practitioner Framework - LO

  • Clinical Knowledge and Skills: Assess and manage the health of periodontal and soft tissues taking into account risk, lifestyle factors, plaque control/self-care and compliance/ response to advice
  • Clinical Knowledge and Skills: Monitor and record changes in periodontal health using appropriate methods

Revision of Inflammation

  • Questions covering what 'itis' means, classical signs of acute inflammation, differences between acute and chronic inflammation, and the four patterns of inflammation

Consideration of Health vs Disease

  • Involves regarding the clinical appearance, histological understanding and patient symptoms

States of the Periodontium

  • Three basic states: health, gingivitis, and periodontitis

Gingivitis vs Periodontitis Definition

  • Gingivitis involves a bacterial infection confined to the gingiva, and it is reversible
  • Periodontitis involves a bacterial infection of all parts of the periodontium, which is irreversible

Clinical Appearance

  • Appearance factors include color, margin, bleeding, texture, contour, and consistency

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