Gingival Recession
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What is the definition of gingival recession?

  • The inflammation of the gums resulting in swelling.
  • The excessive buildup of plaque along the gum line.
  • The complete loss of dental support tissue around a tooth.
  • The displacement of the gingival margin apical to the cemento-enamel junction. (correct)

Which of the following best describes the clinical appearance of gingival recession?

  • Causes extreme pain during oral hygiene practices.
  • Leads to significant periodontal attachment loss.
  • Always affects multiple teeth across the dental arch.
  • Typically confined to a single surface of the tooth. (correct)

What are the mechanical factors that can contribute to gingival recession?

  • Trauma from aggressive tooth brushing. (correct)
  • Improper use of dental floss.
  • Hormonal changes in the body.
  • Infection due to poor oral hygiene.

In evaluating the causative factors of gingival recession, which category does aggressive tooth brushing fall under?

<p>Mechanical factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT relevant to the measurement and monitoring of gingival recession?

<p>Patient's age and gender (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when diagnosing the underlying causes of gingival recession?

<p>The patient's oral hygiene routines and mechanical trauma. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically the most immediate oral health impact of gingival recession on the dental patient?

<p>Increased susceptibility to root caries. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment modality is least likely to be effective in managing gingival recession caused by mechanical factors?

<p>Scaling and root planing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of a marked frenal attachment?

<p>Apical pull of gingival tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of gingival biotype?

<p>Delicate and translucent tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute to gingival recession?

<p>Excessive gingival coverage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates periodontal disease?

<p>Apical migration of the gingival margin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recognized risk when treating periodontal disease?

<p>Iatrogenic damage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do lower incisors impact upper incisors in a traumatic incisal relationship?

<p>They impact palatally (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT classified as an inflammatory factor in recession?

<p>Thick gingival biotype (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can periodontal treatment impact gingival health?

<p>May cause recession in some patients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does smoking affect periodontal health?

<p>Increases susceptibility to periodontal disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of poor marginal fit of restorations?

<p>Gingival recession in susceptible patients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of orthodontic movement is most likely to cause gingival recession in patients with a thin biotype?

<p>Rapid orthodontic movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition can result from gingival recession that exposes the dentine root surface?

<p>Dentine hypersensitivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial to consider before performing composite restorations in the cervical region?

<p>Case selection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aesthetic issue is commonly associated with gingival recession?

<p>Appearance of black triangles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk associated with exposed root surfaces due to gingival recession?

<p>Increased risk of root caries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical method is associated with the surgical treatment of gingival recession?

<p>Gingival graft surgery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be recorded to monitor gingival recession effectively?

<p>Points of recession (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an impact of gingival recession?

<p>Gum inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common factor associated with gingival recession?

<p>Genetic predisposition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process may occur in the pulp due to dentine hypersensitivity from recession?

<p>Hyperemia of pulp (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to remember about the occurrence of periodontal disease?

<p>It can occur in animals with teeth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following treatments is specifically mentioned for addressing gingival recession?

<p>Surgical correction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal in monitoring gingival recession?

<p>To respond to treatment needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of jaw surgery, what is a challenge associated with complex periodontal procedures?

<p>Patient compliance and success (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of food stagnation in dentistry?

<p>It causes discomfort for the patient. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does recession measurement involve?

<p>From the Cement Enamel Junction (CEJ) to the gingival margin. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a causative factor of dental issues?

<p>Regular check-ups. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In managing recession, what is a primary focus when recording the condition?

<p>The parallel positioning of the probe to the tooth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Traumatic factors that contribute to dental issues include which of the following?

<p>Iatrogenic tooth damage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do periodontal indices play in dental assessment?

<p>They help in measuring recession and loss of attachment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is associated with food stagnation and its impact on oral health?

<p>Foreign bodies in the gingival sulcus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should patients be educated about managing dental recession?

<p>Emphasize the importance of avoiding vigorous brushing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Clinical Loss of Attachment (CLOA) also known as?

<p>Clinical attachment loss (CAL) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the first steps in managing a patient with recession?

<p>Educate the patient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a treatment modality for clinical symptoms?

<p>Frequency of brushing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored in patients with gingival recession?

<p>Habitual factors contributing to recession (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a gingival veneer primarily used for?

<p>To improve aesthetics in advanced recession (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be recommended alongside appropriate oral hygiene aids?

<p>Adjuncts for tooth sensitivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Miller’s Classification is associated with which aspect of dental care?

<p>Classification of gingival recession (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring and recording recession in patients?

<p>To monitor improvement or worsening over time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Gingival Recession

The movement of the gingival margin away from the cemento-enamel junction, exposing the root surface.

Localized Recession

Recession localized to a single tooth surface, often the labial or buccal side.

Generalized Recession

Recession affecting multiple teeth.

Recession alone is usually not detrimental to periodontal support.

The root surface is exposed due to gingival recession, but the periodontal support of the tooth remains intact.

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Traumatic Toothbrush Injury

Harmful force on the teeth which leads to recession.

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Trauma from Foreign Bodies

Injury caused by foreign objects, such as sharp edges of food.

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Iatrogenic Recession

Damage inflicted by a dentist during a procedure, like a faulty filling.

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Abnormal Frenal Attachment

Changes to the tissues attaching the gum to the tooth, like a tight frenulum.

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Traumatic incisal relationship

The lower incisors bite behind the upper incisors, creating an abnormal contact point.

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Iatrogenic damage

Damage caused by a dentist's intervention during a procedure.

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Gingival inflammation

Inflammation of the gums that leads to recession.

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Periodontal disease

A major factor behind recession, often leading to gum loss and root exposure.

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Thin gingival biotype

The gum tissue is very thin and sensitive, prone to recession.

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Tooth movement

A common cause of recession where the gum tissue pulls away from the tooth.

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Smoking and Periodontal Disease

Smoking significantly increases the risk of developing periodontal disease.

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Poor Marginal Fit of Restorations

Poorly fitted dental restorations can irritate the gums, leading to plaque buildup and potential gum recession.

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Orthodontic Movement and Recession

Orthodontic movement, especially rapid movement, can cause gum recession, particularly in patients with thin gum tissue.

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Dentin Hypersensitivity

Recession exposes sensitive root dentin, leading to pain when exposed to hot, cold, sweet, or acidic foods.

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Root Caries

Exposed root surfaces are less resistant to decay than enamel, making them more susceptible to caries (cavities).

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Aesthetic Considerations of Recession

Gum recession can create aesthetically unappealing black triangles between teeth, affecting appearance.

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Food Trap and Plaque Stagnation

Recession exposes the root surface, which can become a trap for food and plaque buildup, potentially contributing to further periodontal problems.

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Impact of Recession on Patient

Gum recession can impact confidence, speaking, eating, and comfort due to sensitivity and aesthetic concerns.

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Caries and Plaque Stagnation

The rate of tooth decay is significantly higher in areas where plaque and food accumulate, particularly in black triangles between teeth.

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What is Gingival Recession?

The movement of the gingival margin away from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) exposing the root surface.

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What is Localized Recession?

Recession that is limited to a single tooth surface, often the labial or buccal side.

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What is Generalized Recession?

Recession that affects multiple teeth.

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What is Traumatic Toothbrush Injury?

Damage to the gum tissue caused by forceful brushing or aggressive flossing.

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What is Trauma from Foreign Bodies?

Injury to the gum tissue caused by sharp edges of food or other foreign objects.

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What is Iatrogenic Recession?

Damage to the gum tissue caused by dental procedures like filling, crown placement, or scaling.

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What is Abnormal Frenal Attachment?

Changes in the attachment of the gum to a tooth, often caused by a tight frenulum, that can lead to recession.

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Miller's Classification of Recession

The classification system for gingival recession, developed by Dr. Miller, categorizes recession based on its severity and location.

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Gingival Veneer

A removable acrylic appliance used to improve the appearance of teeth with recession.

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Desensitizing Agent

Applying a desensitizing agent to the exposed root surface to reduce sensitivity.

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Periodontal Stabilization

The process of stabilizing the gum tissue and preventing further recession.

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Gingival Recession (GR)

The process of moving the gingival margin away from the cemento-enamel junction, exposing the root surface.

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Mechanical Factors of GR

Mechanical factors that can cause gingival recession, such as traumatic toothbrush injury, trauma from foreign bodies, and iatrogenic damage.

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Inflammatory Factors of GR

Inflammatory factors that can lead to gingival recession, including periodontal disease, thin gingival biotype, and gingival inflammation.

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Loss of Attachment (LOA)

The measurement used to assess the severity of gingival recession, showing how far the gum has moved away from the tooth.

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Treatment Modalities for GR

Treatment modalities for gingival recession, including restorative options, surgical procedures, and preventative measures.

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Impact of GR on the Patient

The impact of gingival recession on the patient's oral health, including aesthetics, sensitivity, root caries, and periodontal support.

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Monitoring Gingival Recession

The process of monitoring gingival recession over time, including recording recession points and responding to treatment needs.

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Periodontal Disease in Pets

Understanding the prevalence of periodontal disease and gingival recession in pets, encouraging pet owners to check their pets' oral health.

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Study Notes

Gingival Recession

  • Gingival recession is the displacement of the gingival margin apically to the cemento-enamel junction, exposing the root surface.
  • The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the etiology, treatment, and management of gingival recession in patients.
  • Intended learning outcomes include explaining the various etiological factors related to gingival recession, recognizing the oral health consequences of gingival recession on the patient, identifying methods for measuring and monitoring gingival recession, and identifying different treatment approaches for gingival recession.
  • GDC learning outcomes 1.1.2, 1.1.4, 1.1.8, 1.7.7, 1.10.1, 1.10.2, 1.10.3, 1.10.4, and 1.10.6 are relevant to this topic.

Mechanical Factors

  • The mechanical factors associated with gingival recession include toothbrush trauma, traumatic incisor relationship, trauma from foreign bodies, and abnormal frenum attachments.

Toothbrush Trauma

  • Prolonged aggressive tooth brushing techniques are a contributing factor.
  • Inappropriate oral hygiene aids often combine with this factor.

Trauma from Foreign Bodies

  • Examples include lower lip piercings and tongue piercings.

Traumatic Incisor Relationship

  • The bite occurs such that the lower incisors impinge on the palatal aspect of the upper incisors.

Abnormal Frenum Attachments

  • A tight frenum can produce an apical pull on the gingival tissues.
  • This can make oral hygiene challenging and lead to localized periodontal problems and gingival recession.

Inflammatory Factors

  • Gingival biotype, periodontal disease, smoking, poor marginal fit of restorations, and orthodontic tooth movement are factors contributing to inflammation and/or gingival recession.

Gingival Biotype

  • Gingival tissue often appears delicate and translucent.
  • The tissue may be friable with a minimal zone of attached gingiva.

Periodontal Disease

  • Apical migration of the gingival margin is a notable sign of periodontal disease.

Smoking

  • Smokers are generally more susceptible to periodontal disease.
  • Smoking has a profound impact on the periodontal health of a patient and can accelerate gingival recession and worsen outcomes.

Poor Marginal Fit of Restorations

  • Low-grade irritation from sub-gingival margins can encroach upon the biological width of the gingival tissues.
  • This can potentially lead to plaque stagnation and gingival recession.

Orthodontic Tooth Movement

  • Orthodontic movement can cause gingival recession, particularly in patients with a thin gingival biotype, especially during rapid orthodontic treatment.

Impact on the Patient

  • Dentine hypersensitivity, aesthetic considerations, root caries, comfort issues such as food trapping, and difficulties speaking are all potential consequences of gingival recession
  • Hypersensitivity from exposed root surfaces following recession is a common issue.
  • A patient's aesthetics, confidence, and ability to speak may be impaired.

Treatment Modalities

  • Treatment may include periodontal treatment, desensitizing agents, gingival veneers, composite restorations, and surgical intervention.

Gingival Veneer

  • A removable acrylic facing that enhances aesthetics in patients with significant gingival recession.

Restorations

  • Composite restorations are applied to cover sensitive, caries-prone exposed dentine in the cervical areas.

Gingival Graft Surgery

  • Complex periodontal surgical procedures can involve transplanting palatal gingival tissue.
  • This procedure often has limited compliance and success rates.

Monitoring Gingival Recession

  • All points of recession should be documented, monitored, and used to tailor the treatment approach.

Classification of Recession (Miller's Classification)

  • Class I: Recession does not extend to the mucogingival junction with no loss of interdental bone or soft tissue.
  • Class II: Recession extends to or beyond the mucogingival junction, with no loss of interdental bone or tissues.
  • Class III: Recession extends to or past the mucogingival junction, with loss of interdental bone or tissue coronal to the apical extent of the recession.
  • Class IV: Recession extends past the mucogingival junction, with loss of bone or soft tissue at or apical to the extent of the recession.

Management of Gingival Recession

  • Patient education, monitoring, reduction of habitual risk factors, periodontal stabilization, and if necessary, a decision to do nothing or stabilize treatment.

Advice to the Patient

  • Tooth brushing methods, oral hygiene aids, application of adjuvants for sensitivity, and a review of habitual factors are advised to the patient.

Treatment Modalities for Clinical Symptoms

  • Periodontal treatment, desensitizing agents, gingival veneers, composite restorations, and referrals for surgical interventions are potential treatment options depending on the patient's needs.

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