Giardia Infection Process
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Questions and Answers

Which type of host harbors the adult parasite where it replicates sexually?

  • Reservoir host
  • Definitive host (correct)
  • Paratenic host
  • Intermediate host
  • What is the term used to describe an association where one partner benefits without causing detectable harm to the other?

  • Symbiosis
  • Parasitism
  • Mutualism
  • Commensalism (correct)
  • Which term describes a disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans?

  • Enzootic
  • Paratenic
  • Zoonosis (correct)
  • Vectorborne
  • In the classification of protozoa, which phylum contains Ciliates?

    <p>Ciliophora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the only amoeboid organism mentioned in the text that is of medical importance?

    <p>Entamoeba histolytica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of parasites includes helminths?

    <p>Macroparasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe parasites that live within the body of the host?

    <p>Endoparasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of parasite multiplies within its vertebrate host, often inside cells?

    <p>Microparasite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe parasites that live on the surface of the body?

    <p>Ectoparasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which infectious agents are generally excluded when using the term 'parasite'?

    <p>Viruses, bacteria, and fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle in trophozoites plays a key role in the destruction and necrosis of tissue in the host?

    <p>Granular cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective antinaeglerial agent for PAM, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Amphotericin B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for E.histolytica when cysts are ingested by a human host?

    <p>Consumption of contaminated food or water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are N. fowleri amoebae usually cultivated in the laboratory?

    <p>On moist agar spread with E. coli or Enterobacter aerogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specific anatomical site is invaded by metacystic trophozoites resulting in ultimate lodging in the submucous tissue?

    <p>Large intestine mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of vector is described as being essential in the life cycle of the parasite?

    <p>Biological vector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process where chromatin materials are concentrated into bars within the cytoplasm of cysts?

    <p>Encystation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main way in which humans can acquire Giardia lamblia infection?

    <p>By ingestion of faecally contaminated water or food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key factor that determines the pathogenicity of E.histolytica within a host?

    <p>State of nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic differentiates trophozoites from cysts of Giardia lamblia?

    <p>Multiple nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is commonly used for diagnosing Entamoeba histolytica by microscopic identification in stool samples?

    <p>Flotation or Sedimentation method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Entamoeba dispar from E.histolytica based on their cysts?

    <p>Eccentric endosome and 8 nuclei in mature cysts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is recommended for asymptomatic infections of Entamoeba histolytica?

    <p>Paromomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Naegleria fowleri enter the human body to cause infection?

    <p>Inhalation through the nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely outcome in a patient infected with Naegleria fowleri?

    <p>Fatal primary amoebic meningoencephalitis within 72 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which trophozoites attach to the mucosal surface of the duodenum and jejunum?

    <p>Via the ventral disk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of transmission for Trichomonas vaginalis?

    <p>Vaginal intercourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic method involves swallowing a gelatin capsule with a nylon string to obtain upper intestine specimens for examination?

    <p>Entero test (string test)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parasite is responsible for inflammation and shortening of villi in the small intestine, leading to nutrient uptake blockage?

    <p>Giardia lamblia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is known to treat giardiasis effectively in a single dose and causes less nausea compared to Metronidazole?

    <p>Tinidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the critical step in the pathogenesis of T.vaginalis?

    <p>Adhesion to vaginal epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plays a distinct role in the pathogenesis and evasion of host immunity by T.vaginalis?

    <p>Adhesion proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause an increase in the incidence and risk of aggressive prostate cancers?

    <p>Prolonged infection within the prostate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which body part can Pentatrichomonas hominis infect human beings?

    <p>Intestinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most traditional method for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

    <p>Microscopic examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

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