German Recovery and Stresemann
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Questions and Answers

What currency did Gustav Stresemann introduce in 1923 to stabilize the German economy?

The Rentenmark.

What was the main purpose of establishing the Reichsbank in Germany?

To hold people's money and maintain faith in the economy.

How was the value of the Rentenmark determined?

It was based on Germany's agricultural and industrial worth.

What replaced the Rentenmark as the permanent currency of Germany?

<p>The Reichsmark.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were Stresemann's views on the Treaty of Versailles in terms of reparation payments?

<p>Stresemann believed the reparations should be accepted to allow the economy to grow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who advised Stresemann on creating the Reichsbank and implementing economic reforms?

<p>Charles Dawes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the outcomes of the Dawes Plan agreed upon in 1924?

<p>It established financial arrangements for Germany's reparation payments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major problem did Stresemann identify that needed to be solved before improving international relations?

<p>The economic crisis caused by hyperinflation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did Ernst Röhm play in relation to Hitler and the SA?

<p>Ernst Röhm was the leader of the SA and a close friend of Hitler.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the significance of the Munich Putsch in Hitler's rise to power.

<p>The Munich Putsch was significant because it was an attempted coup against the Weimar Republic, showcasing Hitler's willingness to use force for political gain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the consequences faced by Hitler after the failed Munich Putsch?

<p>After the failed Munich Putsch, Hitler was arrested and put on trial, which he used to gain popularity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the function of the Stosstrupp within the SA?

<p>The Stosstrupp, or shock troop, served as Hitler's personal bodyguards among the SA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the German army react to the Munich Putsch?

<p>The German army opposed the Munich Putsch and was mobilized by President Ebert to suppress the uprising.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Dawes Plan for Germany?

<p>The Dawes Plan aimed to stabilize the German economy by restructuring reparation payments and providing loans from the USA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much were Germany's reparation payments reduced to under the Young Plan?

<p>Under the Young Plan, the reparation payments were reduced to $8 billion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major event in 1929 severely impacted the German economy?

<p>The Wall Street Crash in 1929 had a devastating effect on the German economy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Locarno Pact, and why was it significant for Germany?

<p>The Locarno Pact was an agreement in 1925 where Germany accepted its western borders, promoting peace in Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Kellogg-Briand Pact aim to achieve?

<p>The Kellogg-Briand Pact aimed to prevent future wars by promoting the resolution of conflicts through non-violent means.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the leader of the Nazi Party by 1921?

<p>Adolf Hitler became the leader of the Nazi Party in 1921.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did propaganda play in the rise of the Nazi Party?

<p>Propaganda played a crucial role by shaping public perception and attracting new members to the Nazi Party.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the SA, and why was it formed?

<p>The SA, or Sturmabteilung, was formed as a militant group to protect Nazi meetings and intimidate opponents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Great Depression affect Germany's economy and reparations?

<p>The Great Depression led to a suspension of reparation payments as the German economy collapsed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ideologies fueled the initial formation of the Nazi Party?

<p>The Nazi Party was fueled by anti-communism, nationalism, and the belief in a strong leader to restore Germany's power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change occurred in the composition of the Nazi Party from 1919 to 1920?

<p>The Nazi Party grew from 6 members in 1919 to 1,100 members by the end of 1920.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Allies' actions regarding control over Germany's economy during the Dawes Plan?

<p>The Allies had control over parts of the Reichsbank and certain railways to help manage Germany's reparations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one result of Germany joining the League of Nations?

<p>Germany's membership in the League of Nations signified its acceptance by the international community and efforts towards diplomacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the 25 point program, and who was responsible for its creation?

<p>The 25 point program outlined the Nazi Party's aims and was drafted by Hitler as part of his leadership.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

German Recovery and Stresemann

  • Stresemann became chancellor during hyperinflation, aiming for economic stabilization and improved international relations.
  • He introduced the Rentenmark in 1923 as a temporary currency, pegged to Germany's assets and with strict printing controls.
  • He also promised compensation to citizens in case of currency failure to maintain public trust.
  • The Reichsbank (1924) became an independent central bank to manage the economy, restore trust, and create the Reichsmark (permanent currency).
  • Stresemann sought to have reparations payments agreed to bolster Germany's economy and relations.

The Dawes Plan

  • The USA sent Charles Dawes to assist in German economic recovery.
  • The Dawes Plan (1924) involved US loans to Germany (800 million gold marks) to boost industry.
  • Reparation payments were lowered for a set period. Conditions considered Germany's economic circumstances.
  • French troops withdrawn from the Ruhr and Allied control over some Reichsbank functions, railways.
  • This plan was initially successful in stabilizing the German economy for trading and reparation payments.

The Wall Street Crash and the Young Plan

  • The German economy became heavily reliant on foreign investment (like US loans).
  • The Young Plan (1929) reduced reparations but set payment periods over 59 years.
  • The Wall Street Crash (1929) led to the Great Depression and severely impacted Germany's economy, stalling reparation payments.
  • With the US unable to provide further loans, the German economy collapsed again leading to payment suspension.

Stresemann's Success Abroad

  • Stresemann focused on easing international relations.
  • The Locarno Pact (1925) saw Germany accept its western borders and a commitment to peaceful conflict resolution. It marked improved international relations.
  • Germany gained a seat in the League of Nations in 1926.
  • The Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928), involved several countries pledging to resolve disputes peacefully.
  • Stresemann helped achieve Germany's acceptance as an equal nation, which ultimately led to its return to the international stage.

The Rise of Hitler and the Nazis

Origins of the Nazi Party

  • The Nazi Party (NSDAP) emerged in 1919, initially as the German Workers' Party.
  • Hitler joined in 1919 and became head of propaganda, changing the party's name and aims.
  • The party blamed various groups for post-war issues (democracy, Jews, Weimar politicians, Communists/Socialists).
  • Hitler aimed to lead a powerful, strong Germany, challenging treaty obligations.

Hitler's Role as Leader

  • Hitler's strong leadership skills, including public speaking, attracted large membership.
  • The SA (Sturmabteilung), a paramilitary group, was established as a means of intimidation and showing strength.
  • Hitler consolidated power within his own ranks, making the SA loyal directly to himself.

Munich Putsch

  • Hitler's 1923 uprising was unsuccessful to overthrow the Weimar Republic.
  • The attempt failed after armed conflict with the government.
  • The failure led to Hitler's arrest, and the trial served to increase his profile through media coverage.

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Explore the key events and policies during Stresemann's era of economic recovery in Germany. Learn about the introduction of the Rentenmark, the establishment of the Reichsbank, and the implications of the Dawes Plan. Understand how these measures aimed to restore stability and international relations in post-World War I Germany.

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