Podcast
Questions and Answers
What currency did Gustav Stresemann introduce in 1923 to stabilize the German economy?
What currency did Gustav Stresemann introduce in 1923 to stabilize the German economy?
The Rentenmark.
What was the main purpose of establishing the Reichsbank in Germany?
What was the main purpose of establishing the Reichsbank in Germany?
To hold people's money and maintain faith in the economy.
How was the value of the Rentenmark determined?
How was the value of the Rentenmark determined?
It was based on Germany's agricultural and industrial worth.
What replaced the Rentenmark as the permanent currency of Germany?
What replaced the Rentenmark as the permanent currency of Germany?
What were Stresemann's views on the Treaty of Versailles in terms of reparation payments?
What were Stresemann's views on the Treaty of Versailles in terms of reparation payments?
Who advised Stresemann on creating the Reichsbank and implementing economic reforms?
Who advised Stresemann on creating the Reichsbank and implementing economic reforms?
What was one of the outcomes of the Dawes Plan agreed upon in 1924?
What was one of the outcomes of the Dawes Plan agreed upon in 1924?
What major problem did Stresemann identify that needed to be solved before improving international relations?
What major problem did Stresemann identify that needed to be solved before improving international relations?
What role did Ernst Röhm play in relation to Hitler and the SA?
What role did Ernst Röhm play in relation to Hitler and the SA?
Describe the significance of the Munich Putsch in Hitler's rise to power.
Describe the significance of the Munich Putsch in Hitler's rise to power.
What were the consequences faced by Hitler after the failed Munich Putsch?
What were the consequences faced by Hitler after the failed Munich Putsch?
What was the function of the Stosstrupp within the SA?
What was the function of the Stosstrupp within the SA?
How did the German army react to the Munich Putsch?
How did the German army react to the Munich Putsch?
What was the purpose of the Dawes Plan for Germany?
What was the purpose of the Dawes Plan for Germany?
How much were Germany's reparation payments reduced to under the Young Plan?
How much were Germany's reparation payments reduced to under the Young Plan?
What major event in 1929 severely impacted the German economy?
What major event in 1929 severely impacted the German economy?
What was the Locarno Pact, and why was it significant for Germany?
What was the Locarno Pact, and why was it significant for Germany?
What did the Kellogg-Briand Pact aim to achieve?
What did the Kellogg-Briand Pact aim to achieve?
Who was the leader of the Nazi Party by 1921?
Who was the leader of the Nazi Party by 1921?
What role did propaganda play in the rise of the Nazi Party?
What role did propaganda play in the rise of the Nazi Party?
What was the SA, and why was it formed?
What was the SA, and why was it formed?
How did the Great Depression affect Germany's economy and reparations?
How did the Great Depression affect Germany's economy and reparations?
What ideologies fueled the initial formation of the Nazi Party?
What ideologies fueled the initial formation of the Nazi Party?
What significant change occurred in the composition of the Nazi Party from 1919 to 1920?
What significant change occurred in the composition of the Nazi Party from 1919 to 1920?
What were the Allies' actions regarding control over Germany's economy during the Dawes Plan?
What were the Allies' actions regarding control over Germany's economy during the Dawes Plan?
What was one result of Germany joining the League of Nations?
What was one result of Germany joining the League of Nations?
What was the 25 point program, and who was responsible for its creation?
What was the 25 point program, and who was responsible for its creation?
Flashcards
Stresemann's role
Stresemann's role
Gustav Stresemann stabilized the German economy and improved relations with other countries after hyperinflation.
Rentenmark
Rentenmark
A temporary German currency created in 1923, tied to agricultural and industrial assets, to combat hyperinflation.
Reichsbank
Reichsbank
A new independent German bank created in 1924 to manage the currency and restore confidence.
Reichsmark
Reichsmark
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Dawes Plan
Dawes Plan
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Hyperinflation
Hyperinflation
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Reparation payments
Reparation payments
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Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of Versailles
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Locarno Pact
Locarno Pact
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Weimar Republic
Weimar Republic
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Wall Street Crash
Wall Street Crash
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Young Plan
Young Plan
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Nazi Party (NSDAP)
Nazi Party (NSDAP)
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Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler
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League of Nations
League of Nations
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Kellogg-Briand Pact
Kellogg-Briand Pact
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Sturmabteilung (SA)
Sturmabteilung (SA)
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International Relations
International Relations
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Gustav Stresemann
Gustav Stresemann
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Economic Depression
Economic Depression
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Ruhr Occupation
Ruhr Occupation
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SA
SA
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Stosstrupp
Stosstrupp
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Munich Putsch
Munich Putsch
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Gustav Von Kahr
Gustav Von Kahr
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Study Notes
German Recovery and Stresemann
- Stresemann became chancellor during hyperinflation, aiming for economic stabilization and improved international relations.
- He introduced the Rentenmark in 1923 as a temporary currency, pegged to Germany's assets and with strict printing controls.
- He also promised compensation to citizens in case of currency failure to maintain public trust.
- The Reichsbank (1924) became an independent central bank to manage the economy, restore trust, and create the Reichsmark (permanent currency).
- Stresemann sought to have reparations payments agreed to bolster Germany's economy and relations.
The Dawes Plan
- The USA sent Charles Dawes to assist in German economic recovery.
- The Dawes Plan (1924) involved US loans to Germany (800 million gold marks) to boost industry.
- Reparation payments were lowered for a set period. Conditions considered Germany's economic circumstances.
- French troops withdrawn from the Ruhr and Allied control over some Reichsbank functions, railways.
- This plan was initially successful in stabilizing the German economy for trading and reparation payments.
The Wall Street Crash and the Young Plan
- The German economy became heavily reliant on foreign investment (like US loans).
- The Young Plan (1929) reduced reparations but set payment periods over 59 years.
- The Wall Street Crash (1929) led to the Great Depression and severely impacted Germany's economy, stalling reparation payments.
- With the US unable to provide further loans, the German economy collapsed again leading to payment suspension.
Stresemann's Success Abroad
- Stresemann focused on easing international relations.
- The Locarno Pact (1925) saw Germany accept its western borders and a commitment to peaceful conflict resolution. It marked improved international relations.
- Germany gained a seat in the League of Nations in 1926.
- The Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928), involved several countries pledging to resolve disputes peacefully.
- Stresemann helped achieve Germany's acceptance as an equal nation, which ultimately led to its return to the international stage.
The Rise of Hitler and the Nazis
Origins of the Nazi Party
- The Nazi Party (NSDAP) emerged in 1919, initially as the German Workers' Party.
- Hitler joined in 1919 and became head of propaganda, changing the party's name and aims.
- The party blamed various groups for post-war issues (democracy, Jews, Weimar politicians, Communists/Socialists).
- Hitler aimed to lead a powerful, strong Germany, challenging treaty obligations.
Hitler's Role as Leader
- Hitler's strong leadership skills, including public speaking, attracted large membership.
- The SA (Sturmabteilung), a paramilitary group, was established as a means of intimidation and showing strength.
- Hitler consolidated power within his own ranks, making the SA loyal directly to himself.
Munich Putsch
- Hitler's 1923 uprising was unsuccessful to overthrow the Weimar Republic.
- The attempt failed after armed conflict with the government.
- The failure led to Hitler's arrest, and the trial served to increase his profile through media coverage.
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Description
Explore the key events and policies during Stresemann's era of economic recovery in Germany. Learn about the introduction of the Rentenmark, the establishment of the Reichsbank, and the implications of the Dawes Plan. Understand how these measures aimed to restore stability and international relations in post-World War I Germany.