Questions and Answers
What is Chapter 6?
Geometry content.
Two polygons are similar if:
What is reflection in geometry?
Creates a mirror image by reflecting a figure over something.
What is rotation?
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What is translation?
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Which are ways to prove triangles similar?
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What is the 45-45-90 theorem?
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What is the 30-60-90 theorem?
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When do you use inverse trigonometry (sin-1)?
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What are the interior angles of a quadrilateral?
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How do you find the angle sum in a polygon?
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What does the Polygon Exterior Angles Theorem state?
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What is a parallelogram?
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What is a rhombus?
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What is a rectangle?
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What is a square?
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What is a trapezoid?
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When is a trapezoid considered isosceles?
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What is the midsegment on a trapezoid?
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What are tangent circles?
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What are concentric circles?
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What is the standard equation of a circle?
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How can you describe a translation?
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What is the component form of a vector?
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What is the reflection in the x-axis?
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What is the reflection in the y-axis?
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What is the result of reflecting a point in the line y=x?
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How is a point reflected in the line y=-x?
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What are the coordinates after rotating a point 90 degrees?
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What happens when you rotate a point 180 degrees?
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What happens when you rotate a point 270 degrees?
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What does the Reflections in Intersecting Lines Theorem state?
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What is the circumference of a circle?
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What is the formula for arc length?
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What is the area of a circle?
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What is the area of a sector?
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How do you calculate the probability a point is on an area of a line?
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What is the area of a right cone?
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What is the area of a cylinder?
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What is the area of a sphere?
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What is the area of a trapezoid?
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What is the volume of a cylinder?
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What is the volume of a solid?
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What is the volume of a cone?
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What is the volume of a pyramid?
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What is the volume of a sphere?
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What does Euler's Theorem state?
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What is a chord?
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What is a secant?
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What is a tangent?
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What is a central angle?
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What is the difference between minor arc and major arc?
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What are adjacent arcs?
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What is an inscribed angle?
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Study Notes
Chapter 6: Basic Transformations and Similarity
- Similar polygons have congruent corresponding angles and proportional corresponding sides.
- Reflection creates a mirror image across a line or axis.
- Rotation involves turning a figure around a specific point.
- Translation refers to sliding a figure in any direction without altering its shape.
Chapter 7: Triangle Similarity
- Triangles can be proven similar using:
- AA (Angle-Angle) postulate
- SSS (Side-Side-Side) similarity
- SAS (Side-Angle-Side) similarity.
- The 45-45-90 theorem relates the lengths of the legs to the hypotenuse: hypotenuse = leg * √2.
- In a 30-60-90 triangle, the relationships are:
- Hypotenuse = 2 × shorter leg
- Longer leg = shorter leg × √3.
Chapter 8: Angles in Polygons
- The sum of interior angles in a quadrilateral is 360 degrees.
- To find the angle sum of any polygon, use the formula: (sides - 2) * 180.
- According to the Polygon Exterior Angles Theorem, the sum of exterior angles of any polygon equals 360 degrees.
Quadrilaterals Characteristics
- A parallelogram has opposite sides that are equal and parallel, with bisecting diagonals and congruent opposite angles.
- A rhombus is a type of parallelogram with four equal sides and perpendicular diagonals.
- A rectangle is a parallelogram with four right angles.
- A square is a special parallelogram that has both four right angles and four congruent sides.
- A trapezoid features one pair of parallel sides known as bases.
- An isosceles trapezoid has congruent base angles and equal diagonals.
Chapter 9 and 10: Circles and their Properties
- Tangent circles touch at exactly one point.
- Concentric circles share the same center but have different radii.
- The standard equation of a circle with center (h, k) and radius r is given by: (x - h)² + (y - k)² = r².
Transformations and Vectors
- A translation can be described by the notation: (x,y) → (x+a, y+b).
- The component form of a vector consists of its horizontal and vertical movements.
- Reflection in the x-axis transforms a point (x, y) to (x, -y).
- Reflection in the y-axis transforms a point (x, y) to (-x, y).
- Reflection in the line y = x changes a point (b, a) to (b, a).
- Rotation transformations involve:
- 90 degrees: (-b, a)
- 180 degrees: (-a, -b)
- 270 degrees: (b, -a).
Chapter 11: Measurement of Circles and Solids
- The circumference of a circle can be calculated using either 2πr or πd.
- Arc length determination uses the ratio: Length/2πr = Measure/360.
- The area of a circle can be found using the formula: πr².
- The area of a sector of a circle follows: Area/πr² = Measure/360.
Areas and Volumes of Solids
- The area of a right cone includes the base area (πr²) plus the lateral area (πrl).
- The area of a cylinder combines the base areas and lateral surface area: 2πr² + 2πrh.
- The surface area of a sphere is calculated as 4πr².
- The area of a trapezoid is given by: 1/2h(b1+b2).
- Volume calculations are characterized by:
- Cylinder: πr²h
- Cone: 1/3πr²h
- Pyramid: 1/3Bh
- Sphere: 4/3πr³.
Euler's Theorem and Circle Terminology
- Euler's Theorem states the relation: V + F = E + 2, where V is vertices, F is faces, and E is edges.
- A chord is a segment with endpoints on the circle.
- A secant is a line that intersects a circle at two points.
- A tangent touches a circle at exactly one point.
- A central angle has its vertex at the circle's center.
- Minor and major arcs are segments of a circle, defined by their angles.
- Adjacent arcs are arcs that intersect at a single point.
- An inscribed angle is formed by two chords from the circle.
Coordinate Geometry
- The distance formula calculates the distance between two points in the coordinate plane.
- The midpoint formula determines the midpoint between two endpoints on a line segment.
- The slope is defined as the ratio of the rise over the run between two points on a line.
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Test your knowledge on key concepts from Geometry Chapters 6-11 with these flashcards. Each card focuses on important definitions and principles, including similarity of polygons, geometric transformations like reflection, rotation, and translation. Perfect for quick reviews or study sessions!