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Questions and Answers
A ______ is a location in space, represented by a set of coordinates (x, y, z).
A ______ is a location in space, represented by a set of coordinates (x, y, z).
point
A ______ is a set of points extending infinitely in two directions.
A ______ is a set of points extending infinitely in two directions.
line
A part of a ______ with a fixed length is called a line segment.
A part of a ______ with a fixed length is called a line segment.
line
A ______ is a line that extends from a point to infinity in one direction.
A ______ is a line that extends from a point to infinity in one direction.
An ______ is formed by two rays sharing a common endpoint.
An ______ is formed by two rays sharing a common endpoint.
Acute angles are less than ______ degrees.
Acute angles are less than ______ degrees.
A 2D shape with 4 sides and 4 vertices is called a ______.
A 2D shape with 4 sides and 4 vertices is called a ______.
A 3D shape with a triangular base and sloping sides is called a ______.
A 3D shape with a triangular base and sloping sides is called a ______.
The ______ theorem states that a^2 + b^2 = c^2 for right triangles.
The ______ theorem states that a^2 + b^2 = c^2 for right triangles.
The ______ postulate states that points can be paired with real numbers.
The ______ postulate states that points can be paired with real numbers.
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Study Notes
Points and Lines
- A point is a location in space, represented by a set of coordinates (x, y, z).
- A line is a set of points extending infinitely in two directions.
- Line segment: a part of a line with a fixed length.
- Ray: a line that extends from a point to infinity in one direction.
Angles and Measurement
- An angle is formed by two rays sharing a common endpoint.
- Angle measurement: degrees, radians, or revolutions.
- Types of angles:
- Acute (less than 90°)
- Right (exactly 90°)
- Obtuse (greater than 90°)
- Straight (exactly 180°)
- Reflex (greater than 180°)
Properties of Shapes
- Properties of 2D shapes:
- Sides: lines that make up the shape.
- Vertices: corners of the shape.
- Angles: formed by the sides.
- Properties of 3D shapes:
- Faces: flat surfaces.
- Edges: lines where faces meet.
- Vertices: corners of the shape.
Types of Shapes
- 2D shapes:
- Triangles: 3 sides, 3 vertices.
- Quadrilaterals: 4 sides, 4 vertices.
- Polygons: 5 or more sides, 5 or more vertices.
- Circles: continuous curved shape.
- 3D shapes:
- Pyramids: triangular base, sloping sides.
- Prisms: rectangular base, flat sides.
- Spheres: continuous curved surface.
Theorems and Postulates
- Theorems:
- Pythagorean theorem: a^2 + b^2 = c^2 (right triangles).
- Perimeter theorem: sum of side lengths is constant.
- Postulates:
- Ruler postulate: points can be paired with real numbers.
- Angle postulate: angles can be measured and compared.
Points and Lines
- A point is a location in space, represented by a set of coordinates (x, y, z).
- A line is a set of points extending infinitely in two directions.
- A line segment is a part of a line with a fixed length.
- A ray is a line that extends from a point to infinity in one direction.
Angles and Measurement
- An angle is formed by two rays sharing a common endpoint.
- Angles can be measured in degrees, radians, or revolutions.
- Types of angles include:
- Acute angles, which are less than 90°.
- Right angles, which are exactly 90°.
- Obtuse angles, which are greater than 90°.
- Straight angles, which are exactly 180°.
- Reflex angles, which are greater than 180°.
Properties of Shapes
- 2D shapes have:
- Sides, which are lines that make up the shape.
- Vertices, which are corners of the shape.
- Angles, which are formed by the sides.
- 3D shapes have:
- Faces, which are flat surfaces.
- Edges, which are lines where faces meet.
- Vertices, which are corners of the shape.
Types of Shapes
- 2D shapes include:
- Triangles, which have 3 sides and 3 vertices.
- Quadrilaterals, which have 4 sides and 4 vertices.
- Polygons, which have 5 or more sides and 5 or more vertices.
- Circles, which are continuous curved shapes.
- 3D shapes include:
- Pyramids, which have a triangular base and sloping sides.
- Prisms, which have a rectangular base and flat sides.
- Spheres, which have a continuous curved surface.
Theorems and Postulates
- Theorems include:
- The Pythagorean theorem, which states that a^2 + b^2 = c^2 for right triangles.
- The Perimeter theorem, which states that the sum of side lengths is constant.
- Postulates include:
- The Ruler postulate, which states that points can be paired with real numbers.
- The Angle postulate, which states that angles can be measured and compared.
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