Geology, Rocks, and Soils

It is the technical specialty that deals with soil and rock as supporting materials for structures.

It deals with the application of geologic fundamentals to engineering.

It is basic science that is concerned with the study of the history of the Earth, the rocks of which it is composed and the changes that it has undergone or is undergoing.

These are formed from rock as it is acted upon by physical, chemical, and biological forces.

It is a phenomenon by which the soil on the downstream sides of some hydraulic structures gets lifted up due to excess pressure of water.

It serves as parent material for natural soil formation.

Molten solution where igneous rocks came from.

They form when sediments undergone compaction and cementation.

This is the ability to resist sliding along internal surfaces within a mass.

They form when rocks undergone weathering and erosion.

This is the study of physical properties like density and magnetism of the earth or its parts.

It is a general term used when the surface of the earth is worn away by the chemical as well as mechanical actions of physical agents and the lower layers are exposed

It deals with the application of geological knowledge in the field of mining.

It is the study of the ways in which rocks or sediments are arranged and deformed on the earth.

It is the process of simply removing the loose sand and dust sized particles from as area, by fast moving winds.

This is a two-dimensional view of rock distribution.

The subject concerned with the study of the response of rock to an applied disturbance caused by natural or engineering processes.

It is a view of a vertical slice of the earth

This branch is relatively more recent and deals with the occurrence, distribution, abundance, mobility etc, of different elements in the earth crust.

These are defined as wavy undulations developed in the rocks of the Earth's crust due to horizontal compression resulting from gradual cooling of the Earth's crust, lateral deflection and intrusion of magma in the upper strata

The finest particles of dust travelling in suspension with the wind are transported to a considerable distance,

This is where the continuity of the rock mass breaks

These are fractures in crustal strata along which appreciable shear displacement of the adjacent rock blocks have occurred relative to each other, probably due to tectonic activities.

The fracture along which the shear displacement has taken place

It is a branch of mechanics that studies the mechanical properties of various types of soil and its strength at different moisture-content levels.

He is the Father of Modern Soil Mechanics.

These are highly permeable are compressed in a relatively short period of time as compared to cohesive soils which are less permeable

It involves a gradual compression occurring simultaneously with a flow of water out of the mass and with a gradual transfer of the applied pressure from the pore water to the mineral skeleton

It is defined as the ratio of an earthquake based on actual effects produced by the quakes on the earth.

The process opposite to consolidation

The field and laboratory investigations required to obtain the essential information on the subsoil

They exist in nature and are formed by natural causes.

The point which is diametrically opposite to the epicenter

This is the steepest inclination of the plane to horizontal

It is the trace of the dipping plane with the horizontal reference plane. It is also the orientation of the horizontal line drawn on the dipping plane

They look like a new moon in plan are of most common occurrence.

This is the interface between a superstructure and its supporting soil.

This is the inclination of any arbitrary line on the plane to horizontal, which is always less than the true dip

It is the study of different types of foundation and their proper applications.

It normally comprises two footings connected by a beam

It is a long footing supporting two or more columns in one row.

It is a large footing, usually supporting several columns in two or more rows.

It is defined as the process of breaking up of rocks into small pieces by the mechanical agencies of physical agents.

It is defined as that of applied sciences which deals with the application of geology for a safe, stable land economical design and construction of a civil engineering project.

It deals with different physical features of the earth, such as mountains, plateaus, valleys, rivers, lakes, glaciers, and volcanoes in terms of their origin and development.

This deals with the study of minerals.

It deals with the study of rocks

It deals with occurrence, movement and nature of groundwater in an area.

It is defined as a process of decay, disintegration and decomposition of rocks under the influence of certain physical and chemical agencies.

These are the elongated ridges of sand with their longer axis broadly parallel to the direction of the prevailing wind.

It is defined as the process of breaking up of mineral constituents to form new components by the chemical actions of the physical agents.

It is the chemical reaction between gases of the atmosphere and minerals of the rocks

It occurs when living organisms break up rocks

It is the reaction of oxygen with chemicals in a rock.

It is a process in which a rock absorbs water into its chemical structure.

This is a combination of those two representations and gives a 3-D view of formations and contacts.

It is caused by carbonic acid in water reacting with and degrading rock.

This is a fracture where little or no movement has taken place

It is caused by sulphur and nitrogen compounds in the air reacting with water to form acids that then fall to the ground.

These are huge heaps of sand formed by the natural deposition of windblown sand sometimes of characteristics and recognizable shape.

The interaction between soils and percolating water