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Questions and Answers
Which classification in Koeppen represents cool summer temperature?
Which classification in Koeppen represents cool summer temperature?
- T
- d
- F
- c (correct)
What is the classification for monsoonal precipitation in Koeppen classification?
What is the classification for monsoonal precipitation in Koeppen classification?
- W
- S
- s
- m (correct)
Which of the following groups is a broad category of the peninsular plateau of India?
Which of the following groups is a broad category of the peninsular plateau of India?
- All of these (correct)
- The North-Eastern plateau
- The Central Highlands
- The Deccan plateau
In Koeppen classification, which symbol corresponds to the summer dry precipitation?
In Koeppen classification, which symbol corresponds to the summer dry precipitation?
Identify the classification for polar tundra temperature in Koeppen classification.
Identify the classification for polar tundra temperature in Koeppen classification.
Which symbol in Koeppen classification stands for cold arid temperature?
Which symbol in Koeppen classification stands for cold arid temperature?
Which principle states that assemblages of fossils can be used to age rocks across a wide geographic distribution?
Which principle states that assemblages of fossils can be used to age rocks across a wide geographic distribution?
In Koeppen classification, which symbol denotes steppe precipitation?
In Koeppen classification, which symbol denotes steppe precipitation?
Which classification in Koeppen corresponds with hot summer temperature?
Which classification in Koeppen corresponds with hot summer temperature?
What is the term for the concept that strata are laterally continuous in all directions until they reach the edge of the basin?
What is the term for the concept that strata are laterally continuous in all directions until they reach the edge of the basin?
Krakatoa is classified as which type of volcanic structure?
Krakatoa is classified as which type of volcanic structure?
The 'waxy' descriptor used for minerals refers to which characteristic?
The 'waxy' descriptor used for minerals refers to which characteristic?
The term for the ease of passage of light through a mineral is known as?
The term for the ease of passage of light through a mineral is known as?
What is described as 'unassorted coarse and fine debris left by melting glaciers'?
What is described as 'unassorted coarse and fine debris left by melting glaciers'?
Green or black-colored inosilicates making up about 10% of the Earth's crust are referred to as?
Green or black-colored inosilicates making up about 10% of the Earth's crust are referred to as?
Which process involves the gravitational settling of sediments to create distinct stratification?
Which process involves the gravitational settling of sediments to create distinct stratification?
What does the definition provided describe?
What does the definition provided describe?
Which method is associated with imputed willingness to pay?
Which method is associated with imputed willingness to pay?
The definition provided describes serious disruptions leading to losses and impacts. What does this definition pertain to?
The definition provided describes serious disruptions leading to losses and impacts. What does this definition pertain to?
Which of the following best describes a factor that leads to a disaster occurring?
Which of the following best describes a factor that leads to a disaster occurring?
What is the vertical arrangement of soil horizons called?
What is the vertical arrangement of soil horizons called?
What type of soil is Khadar primarily classified as?
What type of soil is Khadar primarily classified as?
The term 'laterite soil' is derived from Latin later which means?
The term 'laterite soil' is derived from Latin later which means?
Which type of soil has the highest organic matter content?
Which type of soil has the highest organic matter content?
Which definition describes the term species?
Which definition describes the term species?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pioneer species?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pioneer species?
A climax caused by wildfires is an example of which type of climax?
A climax caused by wildfires is an example of which type of climax?
Which sequence correctly depicts lithosere primary succession?
Which sequence correctly depicts lithosere primary succession?
What term describes 'the ridge edge where two cirques meet'?
What term describes 'the ridge edge where two cirques meet'?
The mechanical action of ocean waves is an example of which type of weathering?
The mechanical action of ocean waves is an example of which type of weathering?
Sudden cooling of magma leads to the formation of which type of rock?
Sudden cooling of magma leads to the formation of which type of rock?
Gypsum is classified as which type of rock?
Gypsum is classified as which type of rock?
Thermal stresses in rocks can lead to which type of weathering?
Thermal stresses in rocks can lead to which type of weathering?
Which of the following is the correct order of Moh’s scale from softest to hardest?
Which of the following is the correct order of Moh’s scale from softest to hardest?
The action of replacing incandescent bulbs with LED bulbs is an example of which concept in climate change?
The action of replacing incandescent bulbs with LED bulbs is an example of which concept in climate change?
Which layer of the atmosphere is the densest?
Which layer of the atmosphere is the densest?
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Study Notes
Minerals
- Lustre refers to the way light reflects off a mineral's surface. "Waxy" is an example of lustre.
- Transparency refers to how easily light can pass through a mineral.
- Cleavage describes how a mineral breaks along specific planes of weakness.
Rocks and Weathering
- Glacial till is unsorted sediment deposited by glaciers, containing angular rock fragments.
- Amphiboles are dark green or black inosilicate minerals, making up 10% of the Earth's crust.
- Physical weathering is the breakdown of rocks through mechanical processes like ocean wave action.
- Thermal stress is a type of physical weathering caused by temperature changes.
- Evaporite rocks are formed from the evaporation of water, leaving behind minerals like gypsum.
Landforms
- Arete is a sharp ridge formed where two cirques meet.
- Cirque is a bowl-shaped depression formed by glacial erosion.
- Hanging valley is a valley that hangs above another valley, formed by glacial erosion.
Igneous Rocks
- Coarse-grained igneous rocks form when magma cools slowly, allowing large crystals to develop.
- Fine-grained igneous rocks form when magma cools quickly, resulting in small crystals.
Soil
- Soil profile refers to the vertical arrangement of different soil horizons.
- Peaty soil is rich in organic matter.
- Laterite soil is a type of soil rich in iron and aluminum oxides, often reddish in color.
- Laterite derives from the Latin word "later" meaning brick.
Earth’s Atmosphere
- Thermosphere is the densest layer of the Earth's atmosphere.
Climate Change
- Mitigation refers to actions taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, like replacing incandescent bulbs with LEDs.
Biodiversity
- Alpha (α) biodiversity refers to the diversity within a specific geographic location.
- Beta (β) biodiversity refers to the diversity among different geographic locations.
- Gamma (γ) biodiversity refers to the diversity across a wide region or landscape.
Ecological Succession
- Climax community is the final, stable stage of ecological succession.
- Disclimax is a climax community that is different from what would be expected due to human intervention or disturbance.
Koppen Climate Classification
- 'h' in the Koppen classification refers to a cold arid temperature.
- 'a' in the Koppen classification refers to a warm summer temperature.
- 'b' in the Koppen classification refers to a hot summer temperature.
- 'c' in the Koppen classification refers to a cool summer temperature.
- 'd' in the Koppen classification refers to a polar tundra temperature.
- 'E' in the Koppen classification refers to a polar climate.
Geospatial Techniques
- LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) uses the time of flight of laser pulses to measure distances.
- Contingent valuation method is a non-market valuation technique, using surveys to assess the willingness to pay for an environmental good.
Disasters
- Hazard is a potential source of danger.
- Vulnerability is the susceptibility of a system to harm.
- Disaster is a serious disruption to a community caused by hazardous events interacting with vulnerability.
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