Geology Chapter on Folds and Faults

<p>Ductile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The alignment of mineral grains (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rotation or distortion of a line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>90-170 degrees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Circular (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A cylindrical fold can be described by a line moving parallel to itself through space, while a non-cylindrical fold requires rotation or distortion of a line to trace out the form of the fold. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chevron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parallel folds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chevron (A), Box (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Under moderately-low pressure and temperature conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disharmonic folding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fold tightness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Class 1 folds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dip isogons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A new axial surface orientation is formed, which is the angle bisector of the converging surfaces. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Class 1 folds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variations in fold shape between successive layers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Class 2 folds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They develop on the flank of a larger fold and reflect shear sense. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concave upward with the youngest rocks in the center. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The crest of the larger fold points to the right. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has the oldest rocks at its center and is concave downward. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chevron folds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The axis around which the fold curves. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They both have their limbs inclined away from the fold axis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within the same formation as the larger fold. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fold Limb (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hinge Line (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Axial Surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fold Limb Axis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is no difference, they are the same thing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Raplee Ridge Monocline, near Mexican Hat, UT (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A syncline is a fold that is concave down, while an anticline is a fold that is concave up (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hinge line is a straight line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fold with a curved hinge line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monocline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Folds where the hinge line undergoes rotation or distortion while tracing the fold's form.

Folds characterized by parallel hinges without rotation or distortion while moving through space.

The degree of closeness or openness between the limbs of a fold, defined by the interlimb angle.

Folds with a very small interlimb angle, generally between 0-10 degrees.

Angular-hinge folds that resemble a zigzag pattern, often formed in certain geological conditions.

Folds where the hinges have a smooth, continuous curvature without angular changes.

Folds with interlimb angles ranging from 90 to 170 degrees, indicating wide spacing between limbs.

Folds with distinct angles at the hinge, differing from smooth-curved hinges.

Bends or flexures of layered rock due to stress.

Folds that form under high temperature and pressure conditions.

Motion along faults, compaction, or regional uplift cause folds.

Layers that are tilted and show the direction of stress in folded rocks.

A type of rock that can exhibit ductile folding under certain conditions.

A fold in rock layers that is steep on one side and slopes down on the other.

A fold that curves downward, with younger rock layers in the center.

The sections of a fold on either side of the hinge line.

The line of maximum curvature on a fold, parallel to the fold axis.

A plane that connects hinge lines of different layers in the fold.

Area of a fold where rocks have a relatively constant angle of dip.

Condition of rock formation under medium amounts of pressure.

Condition under medium levels of heat affecting rock formation.

The process where rock layers bend due to pressure and temperature changes.

A type of fold characterized by sharp and angular geometry, resembling a chevron pattern.

Structures formed in rocks with thin, high-contrast layers, displaying parallel folding.

Lines connecting points of equal dip between layers in a fold, useful for classification.

Folds where inner curvature is greater than outer curvature, often in low-temperature settings.

Folding with gradual changes in shape between successive layers, maintaining consistency.

Folding characterized by pronounced changes in shape between layers, lacking consistency.

A method to classify folds based on dip isogons and curvature characteristics.

Minor folds on a larger fold's flank that show shear sense.

Folds that form a 'Z' shape, indicating right-handed shear movement.

Folds that form an 'S' shape, indicating left-handed shear movement.

A fold that is concave downward, oldest rocks at the center.

An anticline that tilts downward, creating a plunging appearance.

A syncline that tilts downward, creating a plunging appearance.