Geology Chapter 9 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the 'Law' of Faunal Succession state?

  • Requires that evolution occurred.
  • Was developed by theoretical biologists to explain evolution.
  • Requires that evolution was a catastrophic process.
  • Was passed in Congress to dictate equal teaching of different theories of origins.
  • Was developed by an engineering geologist to aid in construction projects. (correct)

    • How is the rock depicted in the image described?

  • Edge-on; the side that was facing up toward the sky when the rock was deposited is now facing toward the upper-right-hand corner of the picture.
  • Edge-on; the side that was facing up toward the sky when the rock was deposited is now facing toward the lower-left-hand corner of the picture.
  • Upside-down; you are looking at the side that was facing down toward the center of the Earth when the rock was deposited.
  • Edge-on; the side that was facing up toward the sky when the rock was deposited is now facing toward the lower-right-hand corner of the picture.
  • Right-side-up; you are looking at the side that was facing up toward the sky when the rock was deposited. (correct)

    • In order of time of formation, what happened to the rocks A, B, and C?

  • C was glued together by hard-water deposits, then A was formed, then B was glued together by hard-water deposits.
  • B was glued together by hard-water deposits, then A was formed, then C was glued together by hard-water deposits.
  • A was formed first, then B was glued together by hard-water deposits, then C was glued together by hard-water deposits. (correct)
  • B was glued together by hard-water deposits, then C was glued together by hard-water deposits, then A was formed.
  • C was glued together by hard-water deposits, then B was glued together by hard-water deposits, then A was formed.

    • How is sediment changed to sedimentary rock?

    <p>Cementation by hard-water deposits, intergrowth of new minerals, and squeezing under the weight of additional sediment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What features do the pink arrows in the Escalante-Grand Staircase National Monument picture indicate?

    <p>Joints formed when the sedimentary rocks were broken by physical weathering or other processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Faunal Succession

    • Developed by William Smith in the late 1600s, allows fossils to be used as indicators of relative age in rock layers.
    • Evolution is acknowledged but not a requirement of faunal succession; it merely provides a framework consistent with evolutionary concepts.
    • Does not mandate catastrophism but does not rule it out either; stems from geological observations rather than theoretical biologist formulations.

    Rock Orientation and Features

    • Muddy limestone deposited in shallow water retains its original orientation, with evidence of mud cracks indicating the rock is right-side-up.
    • High regions of the rock surface correspond to the position that faced the sky during deposition.

    Stream Deposits

    • In a stream deposit picture from Red Canyon, limestone formed first (A), followed by the cementation of sand deposits (B and C) through hard-water deposits.
    • Represents a timeline of geological formation with A being the oldest, followed by B, then C.

    Formation of Sedimentary Rock

    • Sediment transitions to sedimentary rock primarily through cementation by hard-water deposits, intergrowth of new minerals, and compression from additional sediment.
    • Compaction and chemical weathering also contribute to the formation process but to a lesser extent.

    Geological Features in Escalante-Grand Staircase

    • Joints, resulting from physical weathering of sedimentary rocks, are highlighted by pink arrows in the imagery.
    • The Navajo Sandstone exhibits features related to its history of sediment deposition and interaction with fluids, evidenced by color changes indicating past fluid presence and movement.
    • Joints enable water flow and root growth, creating habitats for vegetation in rocky environments.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about the 'Law' of Faunal Succession in this engaging quiz. Understand its origins and importance in geology. Challenge yourself with multiple-choice questions to reinforce your learning.

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