Geology Chapter 8: Erosion Definitions
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Questions and Answers

What is erosion?

  • A process that wears away surface materials (correct)
  • A process that causes earthquakes
  • A process that builds up surface materials
  • A type of weathering
  • What is deposition?

    Agents of erosion drop the sediments they are carrying as they lose energy.

    What is mass movement?

    Any type of erosion that happens as gravity moves minerals downslope.

    What is a slump?

    <p>When a mass of material slips down along a curved surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is creep?

    <p>When sediments slowly shift their positions downhill.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a glacier?

    <p>A large mass of ice and snow moving on land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is plucking?

    <p>Glaciers weather and erode solid rock by ice flowing into cracks in rocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is till?

    <p>The mixture of different sized sediments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a moraine?

    <p>A big ridge of material that looks as though it has been pushed along by a bulldozer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is outwash?

    <p>Material deposited by the meltwater from a glacier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is deflation?

    <p>When wind erodes by blowing across loose sediment, removing small particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is abrasion?

    <p>When windblown sediment strikes rock, scraping and wearing it away.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is loess?

    <p>Wind deposits of fine-grained sediments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a dune?

    <p>A mound of sediments drifted by the wind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Erosion: A process that wears away surface materials and transports them to different locations.
    • Deposition: Occurs when erosion agents drop sediments as they lose energy, leading to sediment accumulation.
    • Mass Movement: Involves erosion processes where gravity causes materials to move downslope.

    Types of Mass Movement

    • Slump: A type of mass movement where material slips down a curved surface, characterized by distinct features.
    • Creep: A slow, gradual process where sediments shift downhill over time.

    Glacial Movement and Effects

    • Glacier: A significant mass of ice and snow that moves over land, impacting the landscape.
    • Plucking: A glacial process where ice and meltwater infiltrate rock cracks, freeze, and fracture the rock, prompting erosion.
    • Till: Refers to a heterogeneous mixture of sediment sizes, typically left behind by glacial activity.
    • Moraine: A prominent ridge formed by the accumulation of debris pushed along by glaciers, resembling a bulldozer's path.
    • Outwash: Sediments deposited by glacial meltwater, commonly found beyond the glacier's terminus.

    Wind Erosion

    • Deflation: A wind erosion process that removes small particles from loose sediment, altering the landscape.
    • Abrasion: Occurs when windblown sediments strike rock surfaces, leading to physical wear and tear.
    • Loess: Refers to wind-blown deposits of fine sediments, contributing to soil formation in various regions.
    • Dune: A natural mound formed by the accumulation of sediments that have been shifted by wind action.

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    Test your knowledge on key terms related to erosion with these flashcards from Chapter 8 of your geology textbook. Understand essential concepts like deposition and mass movement, and how these processes shape our landscape. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their learning.

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